AID Flashcards
Types of aid
Relief aid - this is emergency aid, and is given following a natural to man made disaster.
Development Aid- Long term goals e.g. Millennium development goals.
Who’s responsible
National governments are responsible for majority of aid though key channels.
Bilateral- Involves government sending resources directly
Multilateral- Involves counties paying into a international “pot” which is then redisbutated e.g. world bank
Non-govenment- this is charities such as red cross and oxfam and banks in the forms of loans.
Uk target
The uk had a target of investing 0.7% of national income in aid in 2013 to help countries achieve MDG, eradicating hunger, universal education.
Modernisation theory
Aid should fuel a economic reform to speed them through social evolution, toward modernity, make them more like the west.
Injection of capital to get out of the cycle of poverty, projects such as technology and infrastructure.
Cultural barriers such as formation of a meritocratic education system. Parsons.
( All Mods +/-)
People Centred
Projects should be people centred bottom up not top down of aid, should be the people not the governments, the people are marginalised.
Aid should focus on providing technologies which allow indigenous employers to increase productivity within communities.
Mirocredit.
Neoliberalism
They say it only bring short term relief and fails to give continued development. Bauer states 3 ways which aid prevents change.
Cultual= Undermines entrepedualism - reliant on handouts.
Pollitically- Keptocarcy
Econmoically- Distorts markets can’t compete has prices drop.
Erixson
Provides evidence he examined official stats found that there was a counter-intuativ negative collerlation, suggesting when aid is paid development has decreased. 1$trillion to Africa.
Dependency Theory
Does not oppose aid but critical of the way which aid is used colonialism mechanism to exploit and control the majority world. Neocoloalsim still exists!
Geopolitical tool
Used by countries to further their own interests e.g. Turkey lost aid because they refused to accommodate air bases in the gulf war.
Hayter
Exposed mechanisms which make this situation possible, she notes that majory of the aid 75% us tied so given if they spend it in a certain way (SAP)
George
Coins the phrase “debt boomerang” to describe how the negative concequences can rebound on the rich. such as
- Pressure of debt makes them exploit natural resources\
- People find illegitimate ways such as drug dealing.
- Debt produces conflict such as Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, dues to Saddam Hussein’s regime repayment of 12$ billion loan.
