Globalisation

Question 1

what is the frictional effect of distance/distance decay

Answer 1

suggests that areas that are closer together are more likely to interact, whereas areas further away are less likely to interact with each other.

Question 2

what effect has globalisation had on the frictional effect of distance

Answer 2

it has reduced the frictional effect of distance

Question 3

what reduces the effect of the frictional effect distance

Answer 3

globalisation

Question 4

what is globalisation

Answer 4

the increasing interconnectedness and independence of the world economically, socially, politically and culturally

Question 5

what are the main economic features of globalisation

Answer 5

trade
investment
financial markets
TNC’s

Question 6

what are the main political features of globalisation

Answer 6

global governance
diplomacy
conflict & military intervention

Question 7

what are the main social & cultural features of globalisation

Answer 7

media
migration
food, traditions (etc)
spread of ideas e.g. democracy
NGO’s
global action e.g. against child labour

Question 8

what is time space compression

Answer 8

how places become closer through increased global connectivity

Question 9

what did Marx mean when he referred to the annihilation of space by time

Answer 9

by connecting places the space-time concept will be removed e.g. by building railways.

Question 10

what was Harvey’s definition of space-time compression

Answer 10

the acceleration of economic activities leads to the destruction of spatial barriers and distances

Question 11

what are the six interlinked factors important for the acceleration of globalisation

Answer 11

transport
containerisation
global brands
technology
social media
decentralised manufacturing (global shift)

Question 12

how does transport factor towards the frictional effect of distance

Answer 12

as transport systems are developed and improved the frictional effect of distance is reduced

Question 13

what happens when transport systems become more developed

Answer 13

passenger travel and tourism increases so new transport methods are put in place and new paths are created, bringing destinations closer

Question 14

what is containerisation

Answer 14

a system of freight transportation and sea shipping that has reduced costs of moving goods around the place

Question 15

how is containerisation been adapted for economies of scale

Answer 15

containers have standard dimensions which means they can be handled anywhere in the world, Ships and port equipment adjust to handling them with optimum efficiency and economies of scale

Question 16

how do manufacturers lower the unit cost of transportation

Answer 16

they optimise their packaging for containers.

Question 17

how do TNC’s operate as global brands

Answer 17

they have a recognisable brand that is established and adapted across global regions - a recognisable logo means people can travel and still have familiar features around them.

Question 18

what does technology do for globalisation

Answer 18

high speed electronic trading systems mean that transactions for imports and exports are quick and secure

Question 19

what is Moore’s law to do with technology

Answer 19

that we can expect the speed and capability of our computers to increase every two years, and we will pay less for them.

Question 20

how is technology used in globalisation

Answer 20

satellites and fibre optic cables can carry a large capacity of data at very high speeds around the world.
companies can remotely manage their operations

Question 21

how does social media affect globalisation

Answer 21

it creates a more immediate method of communication with people far away.
It is quicker to inform people of news and events

Question 22

what type of raising money does social media allow

Answer 22

crowdsourcing - supporting large numbers of people working together on a task

Question 23

what is global shift

Answer 23

when manufacturing has shifted from countries in the global north to the global south

Question 24

what are the reasons for global shift

Answer 24

lower cost of labour and materials
avoid stringent environmental or labour laws
access to new markets through trade blocs
avoid tariff and quotas

Question 25

what do some suggest that space-time compression and globalisation can lead to

Answer 25

a feeling of dislocation and placelessness - people cannot identify one place from another and feel a lack of rootedness in a place as all places are homogenous

Question 26

what is a method to measure the impacts of globalisation

Answer 26

taking a Clone town Britain survey

Question 27

how does globalisation affect different places differently

Answer 27

doesn’t affect places equally - some benefit from the changes whereas others find the changes disturbing and may not feel at home even if they have there their entire lives

Question 28

how can globalisation affect people differently based on their job in the UK

Answer 28

a car factory worker may lose their job due to competition as it is cheaper to produce in other countries

Question 29

how would globalisation affect where you live

Answer 29

if you live on the edge of an EDC means you could benefit from jobs being created from TNC’s.
you could also not benefit as waterways may be polluted.

Question 30

what are the 3 main advantages of globalisation on a place

Answer 30

makes places feel connected and not isolated
cheaper and easier to trade creating a larger range of goods from new cultures which creates excitement
may introduce a new industry into the area which reduces unemployment and poverty

Question 31

what are the 4 main disadvantages of globalisation on a place

Answer 31

locals may not feel at home or feel negatively about places
increase in clone towns
large TNC’s may drive out local businesses
places lose uniqueness