Global Economy B: Topic 4 Part 2 - Migration and Conflict

Question 1

Describe the types of migration

Answer 1

• Voluntary migration: People who move in order to maximise their individual potentials
  (economic migration) -> e.g. wage differential
• Forced migration: Movements in response to conflict and violence

Question 2

Describe & explain the difference between a migrant and refugee

Answer 2

Migrant:
- No legal definition of international migrant.
- Agreed definition: “… someone who
changes his or her country of usual
residence, irrespective of the reason of
migration or legal status.”
- Short term migration: between 3 and 12
months.
- Long-term migration: 12 months or more
Refugee:
- Article 1 of the Refugee Convention: “… a
person who owing to well-founded fear of
being persecuted for reasons of race,
religion, nationality, membership of a
particular social group or political opinion,
is outside the country of his nationality…”.
⇒ All refugees are migrants

Question 3

Describe & explain why people leave their home

Answer 3

• The reasons are broken down into 3 domains: micro, macro and meso
• Macros reasons:
  1. Political - Conflict, insecurity, discrimination and persecution
  2. Environmental - Exposure to hazard, food/water security, energy security and land productivity
  3. Social - Seeking education, family obligations
  4. Economic - Job opporunities, income,
  5. Demographic