Global crime Flashcards
What does Castells (1998) argue about organised crime?
Organised crime groups are types of business networks, that are taking advantage of globalisation to expand in the same way as other global businesses - thus criminal behaviour has also become globalised
What are examples of the $2.5 - 3 trillion worth global crime?
- drug trafficking
- people trafficking
- illegal arms trading
- financial crimes
- cyber crime
- wildlife crime
- smuggling
- counterfeiting designer goods
What is money laundering?
The cleaning of dirty money earned through crime such as drug trafficking by investing it in legtimate accounts and businesses
What does Taylor (1997) argue?
The globalisation of crime often creates a grey area between legitimate and illegitimate activities. For example, it is mow easy for elity groups and transnational corporations to move funds and profits around the world to avoid taxation. This may lead to an overlap between criminal organisations and the powerful wealthy elite who run the legitimate capitalist global economy, as the former invest in legitimate business in an attampt to lauder profits from crime
What does McGuire (2018) argue?
Cyber crime should be not be seen as a business rather as a new economy in its own right, worth $1.2 trillion. Legitimate online platforms can offer opportunities for hackers to acquire data, sell illegal goods and services, and launder money. Illegitimate and legitimate economies are interconnected through the web of profit as they also benefit from it, which reduces the incentive for them to address the issue
How does global organised crime and inequality link?
Weak or corrupt governments feed the demand from the wealthy west for illegal goods such as drugs. In addtion, they exploit the inequalities in the global capitalist economy and the terms of world trade such as people trafficking and growing illegal crops to contribute to the global economy. It is pratically impossile for individual countries to fight particular type of crime in borders as the crime is international. This leads to a necessary international response to global crime which is hampered by factors like diversity, and a range of activities involved; difficulties in international cooperation; border isses and a lack of common definitions; increasing state dereagulations and the lak og global attention. Cooperation between international agencies are limited by corruption and conflict in police agencies and governments.
What does Blackburn et al (2017) argue?
Global organised crime is closely related to corruption within the law - enforcement agencies and even the governments of countries through bribery
What does Glenny (2008) argue?
Global organised crime networks as McMafia and highlights the increase in their activites in the last 30 years, as caused by a complex mix of globalisation, increasing technology and shifting balances in world power, including the fall of communism in eastern Europe
How is global organised crime glocalised?
This is based on different contexts such as low, policing and cultural practices. Drug trade is for example organised in individual countries that vaires based on the political context, local demographics and culture creating demand in law enforcement issues
