Glands/ Organs hormones, etc. Flashcards
What does the thyroid gland produce
thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), calcitonin
what does thyroxine (T4) do
regulates metabolism, growth and development
what do triiodothyronine (T3) do
regulates metabolism, growth and development
what does calcitonin do
lowers blood levels of calcium by accelerating calcium absorption by bones
what does the parathyroid gland produce
parathyroid hormone
what does the parathyroid hormone do
increases blood calcium levels by increasing the rate of calcium absorption from the G1 tract into the blood
what does the adrenal gland produce
adrenal cortical hormones: aldosterone, cortisol; adrenal medullary hormones: epinephrine, norepinephrine
what does aldosterone do
increases blood levels of sodium and water; decreases blood levels of potassium
what does cortisol do
helps promote normal metabolism, resistance to stress and counters the inflammatory response
what does epinephrine do
produce effects that mimic those of the ANS during stress
what do norepinephrine do
produce effects that mimic those of the ANS during stress
What does the pancreas produce
glucagon and insulin
what does glucagon do
raises blood sugar levels by acceleration the breakdown of glycogen into glucose in the liver
what does insulin do
lowers blood sugar levels by acceleration transport of glucose into cells and converting glucose into glycogen
What do the ovaries produce
estrogen, progesterone, and relaxin
what does estrogen do
development and maintenance of female sexual characteristics; regulates menstrual cycle and pregnancy; prepares mammary glands for lactation
What does progesterone do
development and maintenance of female sexual characteristics; regulates menstrual cycle and pregnancy; prepares mammary glands for lactation
what does relaxin do
relaxes the symphysis pubis; dilates the uterine cervix near the end of pregnancy
What do the testes produce
testosterone
what does testosterone do
development and maintenance of male sexual characteristics; assumes a role in sperm formation
What does the pineal gland produce
melatonin
what does melatonin do
is thought to help regulate the female menstrual cycle; may control onset of puberty
What does the thymus gland produce
thymosin
what does thymosin do
affects the production of certain lymphocytes when we are first born
