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clin path > GIT ASSESSMENT > Flashcards

GIT ASSESSMENT Flashcards

1
Q

Irrespective of the cause, this is the most common feature of malabsorption:

A

steatorrhea

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2
Q

These tests are used to confirm eradication of H. pylori after treatment:

  • rapid urease testing
  • hydrogen breath tests
  • urea breath testing
  • serum antibodies
A

ALL

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3
Q

The important enzymes involved in disaccharidase deficiency are:

  • sucrase isomaltase & ancreatic amylase only
  • maltase-glucoamylase & pancreatic amylase
  • lactase-phlorizin hydrolase , sucrase isomaltase and maltase-glucoamylase only
  • all of the above
A

all of the above

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4
Q

This glycogen storage disease can cause Cirrhosis of the liver

A

IV (Andersen)

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5
Q

These orally administered medications can cause a secondary disaccharidase deficiency:

A

Neomycin

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6
Q

The following statements are CORRECT regarding Helicobacter pylori gastritis EXCEPT:

• H. pylori are found in 90% of chronic gastritis
• H. pylori are usually seen as cocci in pairs
• The presence of H. pylori increases acid secretion resulting to peptic ulcer disease. Its presence also
confers increased risk of gastric cancer
• Its incidence of infection correlates with sanitation and hygiene

A

H. pylori are usually seen as cocci in pairs

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7
Q

This type of pepsinogens are present in the urine.

A

pepsinogen A

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8
Q

These FBS levels taken on two occasions are suggestive of diabetes mellitus.

  • 7.0 mmol/L
  • 126 mg/dL & 100mg/dL only
  • 100mg/dL
  • 126 mg/dL
  • 100mg/dL & 7.0 mmol/L only
  • Any of the above
A
  • 7.0 mmol/L

- 126 mg/dL

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9
Q

By “ fasting” for FBS, it means no caloric intake for at least:

A

8 hours

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10
Q

A patient came complaining of passing out a watery, sour-smelling stool this morning He suspected it was the
milk that he drank earlier. After challenging him to drink another glass of milk, which Stool Analysis result,
using Clinitest Tablet, will most confirm his suspicion?

A

0.25 g/dL

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11
Q

The concentration of these gastrin forms quadruples following a meal, altering the results of the assay.

  • mini gastrin & medium gastrin only
  • big gastrin & little gastrin only
  • big gastrin & medium gastrin only
  • None of the above
  • big gastrin & mini gastrin only
A

None

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12
Q

Which of the following features of the organism has linked H. pylori infection to gastric cancer?

  • Cytotoxin-associated gene A
  • Flagella
  • Adhesins
  • none of the above
  • All of the above
  • Urease
A

Cytotoxin-associated gene A

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13
Q

The Pathogenesis of this Diabetes involves destruction of B-cells of the Pancreas by the patient’s own
immune system:

choice # 1 - Type 1 Diabetes
choice # 2 - Type 1.5 Diabetes
choice # 3 - Type 2 Diabetes
• All of the above
• None of the above
• choice # 1 & choice # 2 only
• choice # 2 & choice # 3 only
A

Choices 1 and 2.

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14
Q

An important consequence of this condition is the accumulation of the by-product galactilol which contributes
to cataract formation:

  • none of the above
  • glucosemia
  • fructosemia
  • galactosemia
  • glycogenemia
A

galactosemia

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15
Q

This does NOT lead to Fasting hypoglycemia:

  • exaggerated insulin release
  • insulinomas
  • Neuroglycopenic decreased rate of glucose production by the liver
  • All of the above
  • large consumption of ethanol
  • none of the above
A

none

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16
Q

During starvation, all possible pathways are utilized by the body in this order just to ensure that the level of
glucose in the circulation is within normal range:

  • degradation of stored triglycerides, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, proteolysis spared
  • proteolysis spared, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, degradation of stored triglycerides
  • glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, degradation of stored triglycerides, proteolysis spared
  • none of the above
  • glycogenolysis, degradation of stored triglycerides, proteolysis spared, gluconeogenesis
A

glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, degradation of stored triglycerides, proteolysis spared

17
Q

This test can be used to check gastric HCL acid secretion:

A

serum pepsinogen levels & gastric pH

18
Q

The currently mainstay in the diagnostic testing for H. pylori include the following:

  • biopsy tissue sampling
  • urea breath tests
  • fecal antigen detection
  • CAG-A gene detection
  • Serum antibodies
  • fecal antigen detection & CAG-A gene detection only
  • none of the above
  • biopsy tissue sampling, urea breath tests & fecal antigen detection only
  • all of the above
  • CAG-A gene detection & Serum antibodies only
A

ALL

19
Q

The most common causative agent for Antibiotic-associated diarrhea

A

Clostridium difficile

20
Q

How long is the maximum glucose level usually reached after a meal?

  • choice #1 - 1 hour - true
  • choice #2 - 1 1/2 hours
  • choice # 3 - 2 hours
A

Choice 1 and 2

21
Q 
This level of C-peptide also suggests hyperinsulinism which is characterized by severe hypoglycemia:
• >9.1 ng/mL
• none of the above
• >1.9 ng/mL
• >1.5 ng/mL
• > 5.1 ng/mL
A

> 1.9 ng/mL

22
Q

Normally, the glucose values throughout the day is

  • choice #1 - 45-130 mg/dL
  • choice #2 - 2.5-7.2 mmol/L
  • choice #3 - 50-110mg/dl
A

choice #1 & choice #2 only

23
Q

Trace the probable pathogenesis of Acute Pancreatitis by arranging in order the following events:

1) local fat necrosis Injuring myofibroblasts. stellate cells, & leukocytes
2) Leaky microvasculature leading to vascular insufficiency & ischemia
3) pro-inflammatory cytokines released
4) Increased obstructed intraductal pressure
5) accumulation of active lipase
• 1-2-3-4-5
• 3-5-1-2-4
• 2-4-1-3-5
• 4-5-1-3-2
• 4-5-2-1-3
• 4-5-1-2-3

A

4-5-1-3-2

24
Q

Intraoperative testing for gastrin has the following benefits over serum testing:

• patients with gastrinomas cannot tolerate serum testing
• gastrin has a short half-life & a drop in its levels post-resection is indicative of cure
• All of the above
• gastrinomas can be multiple & maybe located surgically & gastrin has a short half-life & a drop in its levels
post-resection is indicative of cure only

A

All

25
Q

The highest rise in blood glucose level after a meal is only

A

10-15 mg/dL

26
Q

These diagnostic testing relies on the fact that the H. pylori organism has urease activity, which metabolizes urea to?

bicarbonate and ammonia
rapid urease testing 
hydrogen breath tests 
urea breath testing 
serum antibodies
A

Rapid urea testing and urea breath testing only

27
Q

This test can be used to detect whether the patient is really having diarrhea or had just ingested

A

Stool alkalinization

28
Q

It is also called the juvenile Onset Diabetes mellitus

A

IDDM

29
Q

How should the patient be prepared before testing for serum Gastrin levels?

  • patient must be resting for 12 hours
  • patient must be avoiding acidic foods for 12 hours
  • patient must be fasting for 12 hours
  • patient must not be taking any medications for 12 hours
A

patient must be fasting for 12 hours

30
Q

Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is indicated in cases of the following EXCEPT:

  • unexplained glycosuria particularly in pregnancy,
  • unequivocal fasting or random blood glucose concentrations
  • in the diagnosis of acromegaly.
  • galactose intolerance
  • none of the above
  • All of the above
A

Galactose intolerance

31
Q 
Which specimen should be tested for the presence of C. difficile toxin A or B virulence factors? 
• none of the above
• Stool 
• Plasma
• Serum
• Urine
• Vomitus
A

Stool

32
Q

Which does NOT refer to hypoglycemia in a first week old baby?
• <45 mg/dL from birth to first 72 hours
• <35mg/dL in full-term neonate
• <25 mg/dL - pre-term/low-birth weight infant
• < 55mg/dl in a 24 hours old infants
• none of the above

A

< 55mg/dl in a 24 hours old infants

33
Q

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea can present the following signs & symptoms:

  • All of the above
  • watery diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis and toxic megacolon
  • watery diarrhea, fever and malaise and occult gastrointestinal bleeding
  • pseudomembranous colitis and toxic megacolon
  • toxic megacolon, fever and malaise and occult gastrointestinal bleeding
A

All

34
Q

Which of these staining would you request to identify the presence of H. pylori in gastric biopsy specimens of your patient?

  • Hematoxylin –Eosin staining
  • Steiner silver staining
  • All of the above
  • Warthin-Starry staining
  • Giemsa staining
  • None of the above
A

All

35
Q

following findings are considered positive for gastrinomas, & thus probable Zollinger-Ellison syndrome :
serum gastrin levels >150 ng/L
gastric pH values <3
increased in gastrin of 200 ng/L within 15 minutes of secretin injection
serum pepsinogen levels > 107 µg/L

• gastric pH values < 3 & increased in gastrin of 200 ng/L within 15 minutes of secretin injection only
• increased in gastrin of 200 ng/L within 15 minutes of secretin injection & serum pepsinogen levels > 107 µg/
L only
• All of the above
• serum gastrin levels >150 ng/L & gastric pH values < 3 only

A

gastric pH values < 3 & increased in gastrin of 200 ng/L within 15 minutes of secretin injection only

36
Q

The level of glucose in a fasting individual is maintained within the range of:

  • 50-110 mg/dL
  • 6.2 -8.2 mmol/L & 95-120 mg/dL only
  • any of the above
  • 95-120 mg/dL
  • 50-110 mg/dL & 6.2 -8.2 mmol/L only
  • 6.2 -8.2 mmol/L
A

50-110 mg/dL

37
Q

Most common tumor in the liver

A

Cavernous Hemangioma

clin path (19 decks)

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