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Correl 2 > GIS and Remote Sensing > Flashcards

GIS and Remote Sensing Flashcards

1
Q

It combines location and info about the location, can overlay different spatial info at once

A

Geographic Information System (GIS)

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2
Q

Info associated with an underlying geography, or description of location

A

Spatial Information

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3
Q

The science that deals with the construction, use, and princiles behind maps and map use

A

Cartography

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4
Q

Imaginary lines that runs horizontally, degrees latitude are numbered 0 to 90 north and south.
= aka as parallels

A

Latitude

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5
Q

The imaginary line that divides the north and south hemisphere

A

Equator

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6
Q

Latitued and longitude are ______ apart from each other

A

69 miles or 111 km

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7
Q

Imaginary lines that runs vertically and also known as meridians

A

Longitudes

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8
Q

0 degree longitude refers to __________ and is located at Greenwhich, England and continues 180 degrees east and west where they meet and form the __________ in the pacific ocean

A

Prime meridian and International Date Line

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9
Q

The key to read a map, and provides the essential info for the map reader

A

Map Legend

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10
Q

Ratio between distance on a paper map and distance of the same stretch in actual terrain

A

Map scale

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11
Q
  • The accuracy with which a given map scale can be depict the location and shape of map features
  • the smaller the map scale the higher the possible resolution
A

Resolution

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12
Q

The minimum size of objects that can be detected by a sensor system

A

Spatial Resolution

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13
Q
  • used to portray all or part of the round earth (3D) on a flat surface (2D) map
A

Projection

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14
Q

A map parts of a map can show one or more, but never all of the following:

  • true directions
  • true distances
  • true areas
  • true shapes
A

Remember

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15
Q
  • Longitudes equally spaced
  • Latitudes unequally spaced
  • scale is true along the equator
  • shape and scale distortions increase near poles
  • shows true directions
  • universal traverse mercator (UTM)
A

Cylindrical Projection

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16
Q
  • Result from projecting a spherical surface onto a cone

- best for mid-latitudes with an east-west orientation like canada

A

Cone projection

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17
Q
  • result from projecting a spherical surface onto a plane
  • best for polar or circular regions
  • directions always true from center
A

Azimuthal (planar) projection

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18
Q
  • It enables systems geographic datasets to use common locations for integration
  • reference system used to represent the locations of geographic features, imagery, and observations such as GPS loc with common geographic framework
A

Coordinate system

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19
Q

A combination of factors; ellipsoid, geoid, datum, coordinate system and projection that identify a point on a sphere and on a two dimensional representation of the sphere

A

Spatial Reference Framework

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20
Q

The science of measuring the earth

A

Geodesy

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21
Q

The science of identifying and measuring specific loc on the earth

A

Surveying

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22
Q

A mathematical model of the size and shape of earth

A

Ellipsoid

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23
Q

Slightly non-spherical object, but not necessarily mathematically definable

A

Spheroid

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24
Q

A theoretical surface generated defined as mean sea level. Used as the basis for a veryical datum and as a reference for a horizontal datum

A

Geoid

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25
A spheroid used as an (X,Y) reference to all points the real globe
Horizontal Datum
26
Level surface to which heights (elevation) are referenced
Vertical Datum
27
2 types of coordinate sytem
1. Global or Spherical Coordinate System | 2. Projected coordinate system
28
_____________ such as latitude-longitude. These are often referred to as geographic coordinate system
Globa or spherical coordinate system
29
Based on a map projection, such as transverse mercator, which provide various mechanisms to project maps of the earth’s spherical surface onto a two-dimensional cartesian coordinate plane
Projected Coordinate system
30
- Geodetic datum first defined in 1911 and is suitable for use in philippines - onshore - references the clarke 1866 ellipsoid and greenwhich prime meridian
Luzon 1911
31
Fundamental point of luzon 1911
Hinanggayon, Marinduque Latitude: 13 degree 33’ 41” N Longitude: 121 degrees 52’ 03” E
32
- A homogenous national network of geodetic control points (GCP’s), marked by concrete monuments or majons, that has been established using global positioning sytem (GPS) Technology - it is a local projection designed specifically for the philippines and primarily used for surveying political boundaries
PRS92 or the Philippine Reference System of 1992
33
How many points do you need in geo referencing
16 points
34
- it reduces distortion by creating a series of central meridians - local series of projection designed primarily for collecting survey data in the philippines
Philippine Transverse Mercator Coordinate System (PTM)
35
Southern part of palawan
Zone 1
36
Northern part of palawan
Zone 2
37
Luzon, metro manila, mindoro, sulu, basilan
Zone 3
38
Bicol,quezon, panay, masbate, negros, cebu, zamboanga peninsula
Zone 4
39
Samar, leyte, bohol, central mindanao
Zone 5
40
- A single square cells - each cell will have a value corresponding to its land cover type - represents features as a matrix of cells in continuous space
Raster
41
- points - lines - polygons - TINs (triangulated irregular networks)
Vector
42
Stored as indvidual (X,Y) coordinates (vector) or as individual column. Row cell entries in a grid (raster)
Points
43
Stored as a set of mathematically connected (X,Y) coordinates (vector) or as a set of connected grid cells (raster)
Lines
44
Stored as a set of mathematically connected (X,Y) coordinates defining the boundary (vector) or as a set of contiguous cells defining the interior (raster)
Areas
45
- sources those collected in digital format specifiically for use in a GIS project by direct measurement - sources or data na kinuha mo personally
Primary sources
46
- Sources that reused from earlier studies or obtained from other systems - raster scanned color aerial photographs or urban areas and paper maps that can be scanned and vectorized
Secondary sources
47
The measure of totality of festures
Data Completeness
48
-The degree of details that are displayed on a uniform
Data Precision
49
The discrepancy between actual attributes valueand coded attribute value
Data Accuracy
50
The absence of conflicts in a particular database
Data consistency
51
The gathering information about something without actually being in any contact with it
Remote Sensing
52
A ____________ in orbit around the earth has a sensor which scans the earth’s surface measuring the amount of light reflected/transmitted
Satellite
53
A satellite which is always in the same position with respect to the rotating earth
Geostationary orbit
54
An orbit that goes over both the north and south pole
Polar Orbit or Sun-synchronous orbit
55
- A device that measures a certain energy level of the electromagnetic spectrum and converts it into a signal which can be read by an instrument - developed to measure a certain amount of energy dependent on the usage
Sensor
56
Anong gamit ng google earth na remote sensing?
Satellite imaging with passive sensor
57
A sensor which gathers data from another source
Passive sensor
58
A sensor that is the source and the reviever at the same time
Active sensor
59
Generated by a feature extraction from high resolution stereo staellite imagery
Digitial Elevation Model (DEM)
60
Uses inSAR or ifSAR which measures earth’s elevation with two antennas. In only a couple days, it has collected one of the most accurate DEM of earth
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)
61
An active sensor that measures ground height. Using light from an airplane or helicopter platform, it measures the time it takes to bounce back to the sensor. From this, you can create Digital Surface Models which can be useful in forestry
Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)
62
A radar mapping technology is an effective tool for collecting data under challenging circumstances such as cloud cover, extreme weather conditions, rugged terrain and remote locations
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IFSAR)
63
Applications of GIS
``` Groundwater Geohazard Regional Geology Mapping Fault Line Mapping Earthquake Movement ```
64
Satellites specifically designed for erath observation from orbit, similar to spy satellites but intended for non-military uses such as environmental monitoring, meteorology, map making etc. - google map
Earth Observation Satellites
65
An object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain
Radio Detection and Ranging or Radio Direction and Ranging | RADAR
66
LiDAR that uses a near-infrared laser to map the land
Topographic LiDAR
67
A LiDAR uses water penetrating green light to measure seafloor and riverbed elevations
Bathymetric LiDAR
68
Used for exploring and mapping the ocean because sound waves travel farther in the water.
SONAR - Sound Navigation and Ranging
69
Sonars that used primarily to detect noise from marine objects and marine animals like whales. It does not emit its own signal.
Passive Sonar
70
Sonar transducers emit an acoustic signal or pulse of sound into the water.
Active Sonar

Correl 2 (19 decks)

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