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Correl 2 > GIS and Remote Sensing > Flashcards

GIS and Remote Sensing Flashcards

1
Q

It combines location and info about the location, can overlay different spatial info at once

A

Geographic Information System (GIS)

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2
Q

Info associated with an underlying geography, or description of location

A

Spatial Information

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3
Q

The science that deals with the construction, use, and princiles behind maps and map use

A

Cartography

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4
Q

Imaginary lines that runs horizontally, degrees latitude are numbered 0 to 90 north and south.
= aka as parallels

A

Latitude

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5
Q

The imaginary line that divides the north and south hemisphere

A

Equator

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6
Q

Latitued and longitude are ______ apart from each other

A

69 miles or 111 km

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7
Q

Imaginary lines that runs vertically and also known as meridians

A

Longitudes

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8
Q

0 degree longitude refers to __________ and is located at Greenwhich, England and continues 180 degrees east and west where they meet and form the __________ in the pacific ocean

A

Prime meridian and International Date Line

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9
Q

The key to read a map, and provides the essential info for the map reader

A

Map Legend

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10
Q

Ratio between distance on a paper map and distance of the same stretch in actual terrain

A

Map scale

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11
Q
  • The accuracy with which a given map scale can be depict the location and shape of map features
  • the smaller the map scale the higher the possible resolution
A

Resolution

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12
Q

The minimum size of objects that can be detected by a sensor system

A

Spatial Resolution

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13
Q
  • used to portray all or part of the round earth (3D) on a flat surface (2D) map
A

Projection

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14
Q

A map parts of a map can show one or more, but never all of the following:

  • true directions
  • true distances
  • true areas
  • true shapes
A

Remember

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15
Q
  • Longitudes equally spaced
  • Latitudes unequally spaced
  • scale is true along the equator
  • shape and scale distortions increase near poles
  • shows true directions
  • universal traverse mercator (UTM)
A

Cylindrical Projection

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16
Q
  • Result from projecting a spherical surface onto a cone

- best for mid-latitudes with an east-west orientation like canada

A

Cone projection

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17
Q
  • result from projecting a spherical surface onto a plane
  • best for polar or circular regions
  • directions always true from center
A

Azimuthal (planar) projection

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18
Q
  • It enables systems geographic datasets to use common locations for integration
  • reference system used to represent the locations of geographic features, imagery, and observations such as GPS loc with common geographic framework
A

Coordinate system

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19
Q

A combination of factors; ellipsoid, geoid, datum, coordinate system and projection that identify a point on a sphere and on a two dimensional representation of the sphere

A

Spatial Reference Framework

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20
Q

The science of measuring the earth

A

Geodesy

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21
Q

The science of identifying and measuring specific loc on the earth

A

Surveying

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22
Q

A mathematical model of the size and shape of earth

A

Ellipsoid

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23
Q

Slightly non-spherical object, but not necessarily mathematically definable

A

Spheroid

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24
Q

A theoretical surface generated defined as mean sea level. Used as the basis for a veryical datum and as a reference for a horizontal datum

A

Geoid

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25
Q

A spheroid used as an (X,Y) reference to all points the real globe

A

Horizontal Datum

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26
Q

Level surface to which heights (elevation) are referenced

A

Vertical Datum

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27
Q

2 types of coordinate sytem

A
  1. Global or Spherical Coordinate System

2. Projected coordinate system

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28
Q

_____________ such as latitude-longitude. These are often referred to as geographic coordinate system

A

Globa or spherical coordinate system

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29
Q

Based on a map projection, such as transverse mercator, which provide various mechanisms to project maps of the earth’s spherical surface onto a two-dimensional cartesian coordinate plane

A

Projected Coordinate system

30
Q
  • Geodetic datum first defined in 1911 and is suitable for use in philippines - onshore
  • references the clarke 1866 ellipsoid and greenwhich prime meridian
A

Luzon 1911

31
Q

Fundamental point of luzon 1911

A

Hinanggayon, Marinduque
Latitude: 13 degree 33’ 41” N
Longitude: 121 degrees 52’ 03” E

32
Q
  • A homogenous national network of geodetic control points (GCP’s), marked by concrete monuments or majons, that has been established using global positioning sytem (GPS) Technology
  • it is a local projection designed specifically for the philippines and primarily used for surveying political boundaries
A

PRS92 or the Philippine Reference System of 1992

33
Q

How many points do you need in geo referencing

34
Q
  • it reduces distortion by creating a series of central meridians
  • local series of projection designed primarily for collecting survey data in the philippines
A

Philippine Transverse Mercator Coordinate System (PTM)

35
Q

Southern part of palawan

36
Q

Northern part of palawan

37
Q

Luzon, metro manila, mindoro, sulu, basilan

38
Q

Bicol,quezon, panay, masbate, negros, cebu, zamboanga peninsula

39
Q

Samar, leyte, bohol, central mindanao

40
Q
  • A single square cells
  • each cell will have a value corresponding to its land cover type
  • represents features as a matrix of cells in continuous space
41
Q
  • points
  • lines
  • polygons
  • TINs (triangulated irregular networks)
42
Q

Stored as indvidual (X,Y) coordinates (vector) or as individual column. Row cell entries in a grid (raster)

43
Q

Stored as a set of mathematically connected (X,Y) coordinates (vector) or as a set of connected grid cells (raster)

44
Q

Stored as a set of mathematically connected (X,Y) coordinates defining the boundary (vector) or as a set of contiguous cells defining the interior (raster)

45
Q
  • sources those collected in digital format specifiically for use in a GIS project by direct measurement
  • sources or data na kinuha mo personally
A

Primary sources

46
Q
  • Sources that reused from earlier studies or obtained from other systems
  • raster scanned color aerial photographs or urban areas and paper maps that can be scanned and vectorized
A

Secondary sources

47
Q

The measure of totality of festures

A

Data Completeness

48
Q

-The degree of details that are displayed on a uniform

A

Data Precision

49
Q

The discrepancy between actual attributes valueand coded attribute value

A

Data Accuracy

50
Q

The absence of conflicts in a particular database

A

Data consistency

51
Q

The gathering information about something without actually being in any contact with it

A

Remote Sensing

52
Q

A ____________ in orbit around the earth has a sensor which scans the earth’s surface measuring the amount of light reflected/transmitted

53
Q

A satellite which is always in the same position with respect to the rotating earth

A

Geostationary orbit

54
Q

An orbit that goes over both the north and south pole

A

Polar Orbit or Sun-synchronous orbit

55
Q
  • A device that measures a certain energy level of the electromagnetic spectrum and converts it into a signal which can be read by an instrument
  • developed to measure a certain amount of energy dependent on the usage
56
Q

Anong gamit ng google earth na remote sensing?

A

Satellite imaging with passive sensor

57
Q

A sensor which gathers data from another source

A

Passive sensor

58
Q

A sensor that is the source and the reviever at the same time

A

Active sensor

59
Q

Generated by a feature extraction from high resolution stereo staellite imagery

A

Digitial Elevation Model (DEM)

60
Q

Uses inSAR or ifSAR which measures earth’s elevation with two antennas. In only a couple days, it has collected one of the most accurate DEM of earth

A

Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)

61
Q

An active sensor that measures ground height. Using light from an airplane or helicopter platform, it measures the time it takes to bounce back to the sensor. From this, you can create Digital Surface Models which can be useful in forestry

A

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)

62
Q

A radar mapping technology is an effective tool for collecting data under challenging circumstances such as cloud cover, extreme weather conditions, rugged terrain and remote locations

A

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IFSAR)

63
Q

Applications of GIS

A 
Groundwater
Geohazard
Regional Geology Mapping
Fault Line Mapping
Earthquake Movement
64
Q

Satellites specifically designed for erath observation from orbit, similar to spy satellites but intended for non-military uses such as environmental monitoring, meteorology, map making etc.
- google map

A

Earth Observation Satellites

65
Q

An object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain

A

Radio Detection and Ranging or Radio Direction and Ranging

RADAR

66
Q

LiDAR that uses a near-infrared laser to map the land

A

Topographic LiDAR

67
Q

A LiDAR uses water penetrating green light to measure seafloor and riverbed elevations

A

Bathymetric LiDAR

68
Q

Used for exploring and mapping the ocean because sound waves travel farther in the water.

A

SONAR - Sound Navigation and Ranging

69
Q

Sonars that used primarily to detect noise from marine objects and marine animals like whales. It does not emit its own signal.

A

Passive Sonar

70
Q

Sonar transducers emit an acoustic signal or pulse of sound into the water.

A

Active Sonar

Correl 2 (19 decks)

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