Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

med microbiology test 4 > Gingivitis and preiodental disease > Flashcards

Gingivitis and preiodental disease Flashcards

1
Q

Peridoental disease worsens what?

A

glycemic control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Patients with periodontal disease are twice as likely to develop what?

A

diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

treatment of periodontal disease results in 10-20% of what?

A

improvement in glycemic control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

poor glycemic control is associated with what?

A

threefold increases risk or periodontal disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

periodontal disease is a more serious condition of what?

A

gingivitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

periodontal disease is when what?

A

the bone holding the teeth in place is destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In periodontal disease the gum may pull away from their original position doing what? which causes what?

A

exposing the roots of the teeth; which allows decay and infection into tooth roots and into bone that supports the teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

As the bone dissolves the teeth become what?

A

become loose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When the teeth become lose what may happen?

A

it may become so painful that eating becomes difficult and sever infections may develop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is periodontal disease treatable?

A

May be treatable or may require teeth to be removed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Preiodontal disease is associated with what in pregnant woman?

A
  • pre-term birth
  • pre-eclampsia
  • gestational diabetes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What patients benefit most from improved oral health?

A
  • pregnant woman
  • children
  • those with diabetes or other chronic conditions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Acute Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) is also called what?

A

Trench mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Early colonizers of the teeth

A
  • Streptococcus gordonii
  • Streptococcus oralis
  • Actinomyces naeslundii
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What bacteria colonizes shortly after the early teeth colonizers?

A

Streptococcus mutans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are shear forces?

A

force acting on a substance in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the substance. Shear forces result in shear strain .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The microbes of teeth have high what?

A

shear forces and have coaggregation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is coaggregation?

A

when genetically distinct bacteria become attached to one another via specific molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the physical appearance of plaque

A

long filamentous forms and “corn cobs” that are mixed bacterial aggregates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

F. nucleatum wasn’t able to grow as _____ biofilm but was able to grow ______ biofilm

A

F. nucleatum wasn’t able to grow alone or with S.oralis but was able to grow with Actinomycetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

All dental organisms lie in _____

A

mixed microbial environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

S. gordonii and Aa is an example of what?

A

polymicrobial interactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Aa can grow in ____ environments and survive _____

A

can grow in mixed environments and survive immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Lactose is a _____ to do what in Aa?

A

is an inducer to turn genes on an inducer which Aa does not have it instead cross feeds off other bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Lactose breaks down into what in Aa?
glucose and galactose which is then used bu Aa
26
What is Aa stand for?
A. actinomycetemcomitans
27
How does Steptococcus gordonii play an important role in A. actinomycetemcomitans (Aa)?
Stretococcus gordonii produces lactate in the oral cavity which Aa cross edds off of which acts as an inducer for the genes of Aa.
28
Streptococcus mutans is only found when what?
teeth present
29
Dental caries is what?
tooth decay
30
Streptococcus mutans causes what?
Dental caries
31
What bacteria plays a role in Dental caries
Streptococcus mutans as well as other streptococci
32
Streptococcus mutans metabolizes what? fir what?
sucrose and starch producing lactic acid and glucans (sugar polymers) used for adhesion
33
At high cell densities Streptococcus mutans become what?
acid resistant and competent (Competence stimulating peptide)
34
what is quorum signaling?
the regulation of gene expression in response to fluctuation in cell-population density by releasing chemical signal molecules called autoinducers that increase in concentration as a function of cell density
35
How does Streptococcus mutans become acid resistant and competent?
By quorum signaling
36
What are three key factors of Streptococcus mutans?
1) Sucrose converted to Dextran, a sticky material which helps adhesion 2) Production of acid de-mineralization of tooth 3) Ability to survive low pH
37
Why is Streptococcus mutans ability to convert sucrose to Dextran important for virulence?
a sticky material which helps adhesion
38
What is the process of tooth decay?
1) S. mutans produce dextan from sucrose which alows plaque formation in pits and crevices on enamel 2) Lactobacillus and other bacteria produce acids from sugars via fermentation which dissolve the enamel 3) Decay continue into the dentin 4) decay continues into pulp
39
what is the pulp?
center of the tooth made up of living connective tissue and cells called odontoblast.
40
Bacteri + refined carbohydrates =
acids from sugars via fermentation
41
acid + time =
enamel dimineralization
42
untreated decay causes what
infection, Abscess, loss if tooth
43
Decay begins with what?
acid attacking the tooth enamel (outer prtion of the tooth)
44
How can teeth be kept healthy?
-daily oral hygiene -healthy diet -using fluoride in watr toothpaste -mouth wash -professionally-applied gel or varnish
45
If decay progresses after attacking the enamel what happens?
creates a cavity or hole in that tooth
46
If a cavity is not repaired and doesnt change the condition of the mouth the decay will do what?
Destroy the tooth; the tooth may become infected of abcessed
47
Untreated tooth decay or abscess may result in what?
tooth needing to be removed but in more serious cases an untreated abscess can lead to serious widespread infection resulting in the swelling of the face and sometimes even swelling of the brain or even death
48
people with weakened immunity may have what?
Difficulty recovering from dental abscess
49
A. actinomycetemcomitans (A.a) KatA and apiA are induced on what?
H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) exposure
50
A.a's coculture with S. gotdonii does what?
enhances A.a resistance to killing by human serum
51
in experiments done with A.a coculture it was found what had the highest fold increase in Aa survival?
Aa + sg+ catalse (not heat-inactive catalase); had ~ a 7 fold increase
52
H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) is what?
a mediator of A.a's resistance to innate immunity
53
Enhanced levels of hydrogen peroxide by S. gordonii during plaque growth stimulates _____ leading to what?
stimulates inflammation leading to an influx of innate immune modulators including complement and neutrophils.
54
A.a responds to rising hydrogen peroxide by _____ which ______
by induction of katA and apiA, which enhances resistance to innate immune effectors.
55
Inflammation caused by hydrogen peroxide releases from S. gordonii innate immune modulators such as neutrophiles. On recruitment to the site of inflammation, neutrophils increase the levels of hydrogen eproxied and further stimulate what?
induction of katA and apiA from A.a
56
Lab grown Aa physiology varies with what?
culture conditions
57
Whan Aa acts as a coinfected abcess with S. gordonii it is (aerobic/ anaerobic)? WIth what as carbon source?
aerobic in mixed culture with lactate as carbon source
58
When Aa is grown as single species abscess it is (aerobic/anerobic)? with reduced availability of what?
Fermentative anaerobic reduced availability of lysine and glycine
59
Porphyromonas gingicalis is an example of what?
Periodontal disease
60
A.a is _____ associated with
oral pathogen associated with heart disease
61
P. gingivalis is a ____ associated with
oral pathogen assocaited with heart disease
62
S. mutans is a _____ associated with
oral pathogen associated with heart disease
63
Ekenella is a _____ associated with
oral pathogen associated with heart disease
64
several species of streptococci can be _____ associated with
oral pathogens associated with heart disease
65
IScaling/deep cleaning is used for what?
removing plaque and debridement (removing dead tissue)
66
If there is an infection what can be used as treatment?
broad spectrum antibiotics
67
Why are bacteria infections of the mouth not cultured?
they are polymicrobial biofilms; no dental infection has a single bacteria in the biofilm they are always polymicrobial
68
What is Gestational Diabetes?
High blood glucose levels in pregnant woman who have never had diabetes.
69
Pregnant woman with Gestational disease (GD) are at a higher risk for what then pregnant woman who do not?
Periodontal disease
70
If preiodontal disease occurs in pregnant woman control Gastrational disease is more difficult and may cause what?
pre-term birth and periodontitis
71
preiodontal disease may also be associated with what?
pre-eclampsia
72
levels of what are higher in woman with pre-eclampsia?
IL-1, and TNF-alpha levels from gingival creviacular fluid is higher
73
Oral pathogens have been found in women with what? which implies _____
found in woman with pre-eclampsia which implies possible contribution of periopathogenic bacteria to the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia.
74
Gingivitis is what?
inflammation of gums thus gums are res and swollen and may easily bleed.
75
Can Gingivitis be easily treated?
Brushing and flossing can help improve this condition of professional care may be needed
76
If plaque remains of teeth it hardens to form what? which does what?
tartar or calculus which irritates the gums?
77
Can plaque be removed by brushing and flossing? what about tartar or calculus?
Plaque can but neither tartar or calculus can
78
What eventually happens if the tartar and calculus on the teeth is not removed?
gums detach and pull away (recede) along the length of the teeth
79
What may need to be done to tartar before the gingivitis will improve?
tartar may need to be removed by having teeth cleaned.
80
The mouth has what environment?
many different environments for example: - gums are soft tissue - salivary glands make a semi-liquid environment

med microbiology test 4 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions