Gingival Fiber and PDL

Question 1

What 2 cell types are active in compression of PDL>

Answer 1

Fibroclasts and osteoclasts

Question 2

The ____ fibers of the PDL go around the root of tooth

Answer 2

Apical

Question 3

After the damaged tissue is replaced, A _____ response is usually present, in
which heparin and histamine are released –
this inflammatory response helps the
necessary cells reach their target.

Answer 3

mast cell

Question 4

______ fibers of PDL Resist intrusive force

Answer 4

Oblique

Question 5

_____ of the PDL line blood vessels

Answer 5

Endothelial cells

Question 6

_____ group of GFL that wraps around the tooth

Answer 6

Circular

Question 7

Remains of Hetwig’s root sheath – duct-like appearance

Purpose is unknown; More prevalent in the apical areas of adolescents; May have some effect on cementogenisis

Answer 7

Epithelial rests of Malassez

Question 8

Resident Cell Populations of the \_\_\_\_
 Fibroblasts
 Osteoblasts
 Cementoblasts
 Macrophages
 Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells
 Endothelial cells
 Epithelial cells

Answer 8

PDL

Question 9

Functions of the \_\_\_ include:
 Supportive
 Regenerative
 Nutritional
 Sensory
 Protective

Answer 9

PDL

Question 10

Cells in the most peripheral zone (outer) of the dental follicle give rise to the

Answer 10

alveolar bone proper

Question 11

______ fibers of PDL Resist horizontal & tipping force

Answer 11

Horizontal

Question 12

excessive functional stresses
placed on a tooth by an antagonist (or removable prosthesis)
that exceeds the limits of physiologic adaptation.
• Resorption of alveolar bone parallel to the long axis of the root
• A PDL that is wider than normal average width (i.e., > 0.17 mm in
adult)
• Tooth mobility

Answer 12

Trauma From Occlusion:

Question 13

_____ group of GFL goes from alveolar crest to gingival

Answer 13

Alveolargingival

Question 14

The ______ is derived from odontogenic
epithelium located in the connective tissues
of the gingiva known as the epithelial rests
of Serres (remnants of dental lamina).

Answer 14

gingival cyst

Question 15

______, _____, and ______ fibers of GFL Resist gingival displacement

Answer 15

Dentogingival, alveologingival, and circumferential

Question 16

The ____ function of the PDL: supplied from blood vessel

Answer 16

Nutritional

Question 17

The ____ fibers of the PDL have an angled attachement

Answer 17

oblique

Question 18

_____ of the PDL come from gingiva

Answer 18

Epithelial cells

Question 19

______ fibers of GFL Resist gingival displacement

& tooth separation

Answer 19

Semicircular

Question 20

______ and ______ fibers of PDL Resist vertical force

Answer 20

Apical and Alveolar crest

Question 21

if the injury is slight, and the responding cells are from the (i.e. undifferentiated cells), these cells have the
potential to regenerate all tissues involved in tooth
support, and the PDL will be restored

Answer 21

PDL

Question 22

Which ligament of tooth is more apical?

Answer 22

PDL

Question 23

_____ group of GFL goes from tooth to alveolar crest

Answer 23

Dentoperiosteal

Question 24

The ____ function of the PDL: cushioning of tooth

Answer 24

Protective

Question 25

_____ group of GFL that creates a sling around the tooth; help to orient the tooth buccolingually

Answer 25

Semicircular

Question 26

_____ group of GFL that goes from buccal to lingual papilla to help keep these papillae attached to the tooth

Answer 26

Transgingival

Question 27

____ are sources of undifferentiated cells; centered around vascular spots

Answer 27

Interstitial spaces

Question 28

The ____ function of the PDL: performed by tactile receptors

Answer 28

Sensory

Question 29

The ____ function of the PDL: undifferentiated cells help to repair PDL, cementum, and bone

Answer 29

Regenerative

Question 30

_____ of the PDL are used in resorption; immune response

Answer 30

Macrophages

Question 31

_____ group of GFL that goes from tooth to tooth to stabilize teeth mesiodistally

Answer 31

Transseptal

Question 32

What type of cell are active in tension of PDL?

Answer 32

Osteoblasts

Question 33

Cells in the most proximal (inner) give rise to

Answer 33

cementoblasts

Question 34

``` The PDL on the tooth root opposite the compression side is characterized by _______ or ______ of the PDL principle fibers; results in bone apposition. ```

Answer 34

tension or stretching

Question 35

The _______ consists of small diameter collagen fibers in random orientation that provide support for the principle fiber groups.

Answer 35

indifferent fiber plexus

Question 36

Which zone of dental papilla does the PDL come from?

Answer 36

Intermediate zone

Question 37

What ligament of tooth is more coronal?

Answer 37

Gingival Fiber ligament (GFL)

Question 38

The ____ function of the PDL: suspends tooth in socket

Answer 38

Supportive

Question 39

_____ group of GFL goes from tooth to gingiva

Answer 39

Dentogingival

Question 40

The PDL _______ are a source of mesenchymal | cells that can differentiate into: cementoblasts, osteoblasts, and fibroblasts

Answer 40

interstitial spaces

Question 41

The ______ response is similar to the | trauma response of the PDL.

Answer 41

wound healing

Question 42

Violation of the ______ due to placement of overextended restoration margins will result in chronic inflammation and, given sufficient time, induce loss of supporting alveolar bone with formation of a diseased periodontal pocket.

Answer 42

biological width

Question 43

``` Orthodontic tooth movement results in _____ of the PDL on the side of the root corresponding to the direction of movement; results in loss of principle fiber orientation and resorption of adjacent bone. ```

Answer 43

compression

Question 44

``` In ______ The membrane excludes gingival epithelial tissues from the deeper part of the wound, and allows only cells from the existing PDL to repopulate the wound ```

Answer 44

Guided tissue regeneration

Question 45

 if the injury is significant, and the cells that respond are from the surrounding _____, the result will be ankylosis

Answer 45

alveolar bone

Question 46

_____ of the PDL repair collagen

Answer 46

Fibroblasts

Question 47

A tooth with no occlusal antagonist will exhibit: • A significant decrease in density of bony trabeculae • Decreased width of the PDL (< 0.17 mm) • Loss of orientation of the principle fibers of the PDL • Increased volume of the bone marrow spaces

Answer 47

Disuse Atrophy:

Question 48

``` Provide rigidity and density to the marginal gingiva  Act as a periosteum for the interproximal crestal alveolar bone  Provide one-half of the biologic width  Act as a protective barrier for the crestal alveolar bone against the spread of gingival inflammation  Inhibit the apical migration of the junctional epithelium ```

Answer 48

GFL

Question 49

The _______ typically occurs along the lateral root surface. It is believed to arise from epithelial rests (epithelial rest of Malassez in the PDL), when stimulated. Treatment consists of surgical removal.

Answer 49

lateral periodontal cyst

Question 50

_____ of the PDL repair cementum

Answer 50

Cementoblasts

Question 51

______ fibers of GFL Resist tooth separation

Answer 51

Transseptal

Question 52

_______ is the area of junctional epithelium and gingival fiber ligament attached to the root of a tooth; extends from the most coronal attachment of the junctional epithelium to the crestal alveolar bone.

Answer 52

biological width

Question 53

A surgical technique of regenerating the periodontal attachment apparatus on periodontally involved teeth, which uses the differentiation of mesenchymal cells in the interstitial spaces of the PDL and marrow spaces of adjacent alveolar bone.

Answer 53

Guided tissue regeneration

Question 54

_____ of the PDL repair bone

Answer 54

Osteoblasts

Question 55

The ____ fibers of the PDL are found in furcations of teeth

Answer 55

Interradicular

Question 56

There is a proposed linkage between OKC and ___ cytst

Answer 56

gingival cysts

Question 57

______ fibers of PDL Resist vertical & lateral force

Answer 57

Interradicular

Question 58

First, Undifferentiated cells migrate into the area, as _____ and ______ remove damaged tissues.

Answer 58

macrophages and PMN’s

Question 59

Fusion of cementum directly with the surrounding alveolar bone, without the intervening PDL This is usually a reparative response to PDL injury The degree of injury, and the type of cells that respond dictate the type of response

Answer 59

Ankylosis:

Question 60

What is the embryological origin of PDL?

Answer 60

Neural crest

Question 61

_____ of the PDL provide back up to make more fibers and other things

Answer 61

Undifferentitated mesenchymal cells

Question 62

The ____ and _____ fibers of the PDL overlap with dentoperiosteal group of GFL

Answer 62

Alveolar crest and horizontal group

Question 63

AFter damaged tissues are removed, _____ and/or _____ replace the damaged tissue.

Answer 63

Fibroblasts and/or osteoblasts