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Pharmacology > Gi Tract > Flashcards

Gi Tract Flashcards

0
Q

Gastro- oesophageal reflux disorder symptoms

A

Heart burn, sour mouth, acid reflux.

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1
Q

Symptoms of indigestion/ dyspepsia

A

Pain in stomach, bloating, burping, nausea, heartburn

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2
Q

Symptoms of ulcers and cause

A

Pain, bleeding. Caused by bacterial infection, NSAIDS, smoking, stress

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3
Q

Action of antacids

A

Neutralise the acid in the stomach

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4
Q

Maalox

A

Antacid

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5
Q

Rennies

A

Antacid

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6
Q

Simeticone

A

Antacid + (produces gas to relieve tension)

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7
Q

Alginates

A

Antacid + (forms a raft)

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8
Q

When to take antacids

A

1hr before or after food, 2hr between other medication

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9
Q

Side effects of antacids

A

Constipation for those with aluminium, diarrhoea for Mg. White poop

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10
Q

H2 receptor antagonist action

A

Block H2 receptors on parietal cells in stomach to reduce acid production

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11
Q

Cimetidine/ Tagamet

A

H2 receptor antagonist

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12
Q

Famotidine/ Pepcid

A

H2 receptor antagonist

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13
Q

Nizatidine/ axid

A

H2 receptor antagonist

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14
Q

Ranitidine/ zantac

A

H2 receptor antagonist

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15
Q

Proton pump inhibitor action

A

Binds permanently to a proton pump so no acid can be made until a new cell is produced

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16
Q

Lansoprazole/ zoton

A

Proton pump inhibitors

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17
Q

Esomeprazole/ nexium

A

Proton pump inhibitors

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18
Q

Omeprazole/ losec

A

Proton pump inhibitors

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19
Q

Pantoprazole/ protium

A

Proton pump inhibitors

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20
Q

Rabeprazole/ pariet

A

Proton pump inhibitors

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21
Q

How long do h2 receptor antagonists work

A

Within an hour, not with antacids won’t work, take at bedtime

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22
Q

Drug interaction of cimetidine

A

Retards liver metabolism in the liver DO NOT TAKE WITH warfarin, phenytoin or theophylline

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23
Q

How to take Proton pump inhibitors

A

30 mins before food, don’t chew up

24
Interaction of Proton pump inhibitors
Metabolism of diazepam, phenytoin, warfarin | Absorption of digoxin, ketoconazole, ampicillin
25
Antibiotics (clarythromycin, amoxycillin, metronidazole, tetracycline)
H. Pylori caused bacteria
26
What allergy means not to give antibiotics
Penicillin allergy
27
Synthetic prostaglandin E1 action
Protective to stimulate the release of mucous
28
Use of synthetic prostaglandin e1
For NSAID induced ulcers
29
Misoprostol/ cytotec
Synthetic prostaglandin e1
30
Side effect of misoprostol
Don't give to pregnant women, abdo pain
31
Sulcralfate/ antespin
Coats the ulcer for 6 hours
32
Side effect of sucralfate
Metallic taste, constipation and nausea
33
Action of antispasmodics
Relax smooth muscle of the intestine for IBS and diverticular disease
34
What receptors do antispasmodics work on
Muscarinic receptors
35
Dicyclomine hydrochloride/ kolanticon or merbentyl
Antispasmodics
36
Hyoscine butylbromide/ buscopan
Antispasmodics
37
Probantheline bromide/ pro-banthine
Antispasmodics
38
Side effects of antispasmodics
Dry mouth, constipation and confusion in the elderly
39
Gut propellants action
Dopamine receptors on the stomach sphincter and intestine to increase peristalsis
40
Metoclopramide/ maxolon
Gut propellant
41
Domperidone/ motilium
Gut propellant
42
Use of gut propellants
Nausea and vomiting and reflux
43
Side effect of gut propellants
Metoclopramide affects central dopamine receptors in the young and in the old
44
Acute diarrhoea treatment
Oral rehydration therapy
45
Action of ORT
Adds the electrolytes to the system to allow more water to be reabsorbed
46
Action if antidiarrhoeals
Opioid related drugs to decrease peristalsis in both intestines and lower the explosive contractions of the colon
47
Loperamide/ Imodium
Antidiarrhoeals
48
Co-phenotrope
Antidiarrhoeals
49
Kaolin and morphine
Antidiarrhoeals
50
Action of bulk forming laxatives
Increase faecal mass by stimulating peristalsis
51
Ispaghula husk/ fybogel or regulan
Bulk forming laxative
52
Action of stimulant laxative
Increase peristalsis to move the stool through the large intestine
53
Bisacodyl, senna/ sennokol
Stimulant laxative
54
Side effect of stimulant laxative
Lazy bowel, works within 6-12 hours
55
Osmotic laxative action
Contain salts to draw water into the gut making stools softer
56
Macrogols/ movicol, mg salts,
Osmotic laxatives
57
How quickly do osmotic laxatives work
Lactulose and Macrogols take a couple of days, mg salts are much quicker

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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