Drugs And Kidney Flashcards
How do diuretics help hypertension
Decrease blood vol, decrease pressure on blood vessels, decrease blood pressure
What is a diuretic
Drug that increases the amount of fluid and salts excreted by the kidney and also decrease blood vol
How are salts moved
Active transport and passive transport
What are the 3 pumps in the kidney
N/K, Na/Cl, Na/Cl/K
Where do thiazides act
Distal convoluted tubule
Bendroflumethazide
Thiazide diuretics
Metolazone
Thiazide diuretics
Indapamide
Thiazide diuretics
Action of thiazides
Block the Cl pump so increase the excretion of Na and Cl. Can’t be reabsorbed so neither can water
How long do thiazide diuretics work
Up to 24 hours and act within 1-2 hours
Side effects of thiazides
Hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia
Cation of loop diuretics
On the ascending loop of henle, stop the Na, Cl, k pump to increase urine excretion
Furosemide
Loop diuretic
Bumetadine
Loop diuretic
How long do they work for
Act within an hour for up to 6,very powerful from 1ml a min to 8
Loop diuretic side effects
Hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, deafness.
Potassium sparing diuretic action
Act on late distal tubule and the collecting duct increase the secretion of everything else bar k
Spironolactone
Potassium sparing diuretic
Eplerenone
Potassium sparing diuretic
Amiloride
Potassium sparing diuretic
How quick potassium sparing work
Weakest of the three
Side effect of Potassium sparing diuretic
Hyperkalaemia, need to monitor electrolyte
Levels
Action of anti diuretics
Collecting tubule, increase the number of aqua poring by v2 receptors
Vasopressin
Anti diuretic
Desmopressin
Anti diuretic
How long anti diuretics work
Vasopressin is short and IV only and increases bp, des so is longer taken orally and doesn’t affect the bp.
