GI System (Definitions) Flashcards
Acute Gastritis
Inflammation of the stomach manifesting as an abnormal surface pattern in the gastric mucosa
Barrett’s Esophagus
Disorder in which normal squamous lining is destroyed and replaced with columnar epithelium
Severe mucosal atrophy causing thinning or an absence of mucosal folds
Chronic Atrophic Gastritis
Outpouching herniation through the muscular layer of the esophagus
Diverticula
Most common manifestation of peptic ulcer disease
Duodenal Ulcer
A tumor that most often is of squamous cell type and occurs at the EG junction
Esophageal Carcinoma
Dilated veins in the esophageal wall
Esophageal Varices
Disease that appears as persistent collection of barium surrounded by a halo of edema
Gastric Ulcer
Any symptomatic condition or structural changes due to reflux of stomach content into the esophagus
GERD
A condition in which much of the stomach lies within the thoracic cavity
Hiatal Hernia
Inflammatory process of the stomach and duodenum caused by the action of acid
Peptic Ulcer
Complete rupture of the esophageal wall
Perforation
Disease in which the edematous and thickened pylorus may be palpated and is described as a mobile, hard “olive.”
Pyloric Stenosis
Most often occurs in the distal stomach and is of granular origin
Stomach Cancer
Disorder in which the esophageal lumen does not develop separately from the trachea
Trachelesophageal Fistula
Disorder of intestinal motility in which fluid and gas do not progress normally
Adynamic Ileus
Perforation permitting fecal material to enter the peritoneum, causing general peritonitis if not treated
Appendicitis
An inflammatory process usually of the proximal colon involving multiple noncontiguous segments “skip lesions”
Crohn’s colitis
Chronic granulomatous inflammatory disorder of unknown cause
Crohn’s disease
Neoplastic growth about half the cases of which occur in the rectum and sigmoid, most often in older men
Colonic Carcinoma
Necrosing inflammation in the outpouchings representing acquired herniation
Diverticulitis
Outpouchings representing acquired herniations of mucosa and submucosa through weak points in the muscular layer
Diverticulosis
Most common cause of bowel obstruction in children, caused by telescoping of the bowel into itself
Intussusception
Several conditions altering intestinal motility, usually functional disorders causing constipation or diarrhea “spastic colon”
Irritable bowel syndrome
