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Triad Subjects > GI Physiology > Flashcards

GI Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

RMP of GI smooth muscle cells during slow waves

A

-56mV

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2
Q

Pacemaker of GI Tract

A

Interstitial cells of cajal

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3
Q

Excitatory/Inhibitory:

Parasympathetic system

A

Excitatory

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4
Q

Excitatory/Inhibitory:

Sympathetic system

A

Inhibitory

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5
Q

Origin of of parasympathetic nervous system

A

Craniosacral:
Cranial: vagus nerve
Sacral: S2-S4

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6
Q

Origin of sympathetic nervous system

A

Thoracolumbar

T5-L2

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7
Q

Myenteric plexus

A

Auerbach plexus

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8
Q

Submucosal plexus

A

Meissners plexus

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9
Q

Control tonic contractions of GIT

A

Myenteric plexus

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10
Q

Control GI secretions

A

Meissners plexus

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11
Q

Swallowing center

A

Medulla and lower pons

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12
Q

Cranial nerves involved in swallowing reflex

A

CN V,IX,X,XII

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13
Q

Phases of swallowing reflex

A

Oral phase-voluntary
Pharyngeal phase- involuntary
Esophageal phase- involuntary

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14
Q

Stimulatory hormones in GI

A

Ach

Gastrin

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15
Q

Inhibitory hormones in GI

A

Norepinephrine

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16
Q

What increases gastric emptying?

A

Gastrin

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17
Q

Vomiting center

A

Medulla

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18
Q

Chemical trigger zone

A

Area postrema

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19
Q

Location of chemical trigger zone

A

Roof of 4th ventricle

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20
Q

Circumventricular organ

A

Area postrema

Lack tight junction- no BBB

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21
Q

Type of motility characterized by mixing and churning, non propulsive

A

Segmental

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22
Q

Type of motility that results in elimination of GI contents

A

Propulsive

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23
Q

Range of RMP in GI smooth muscle

A

-40 to -80 mV

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24
Q

Inhibitory/excitatory

A

VIP and NO

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25
Q

Main site for digestion and absorption

A

Small interstine

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26
Q

Biggest part of small intestine

A

Ileum-55%
Jejunum-40%
Duodenum-5%

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27
Q

Predominant movement of SI:

A

Segmentation

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28
Q

Basic mechanism of glucose transport in Intestine

A

Via Na cotransport

29
Q

Produces entirely serous ptyalin rich saliva

A

Parotid gland

30
Q

States that intestine contracts behind a bolus and relax infront

A

Law of intestine

31
Q

Overdistention of one segment of intestine will cause distention of another part of intestine

A

Intestinointestinal reflex

32
Q

If there is increased gastric secretion and motor activity, there is also increased movement through ileocecal valve

A

Gastroileal reflex

33
Q

Parietal cells

A

Intrinsic factor

Hcl

34
Q

G cells

A

Gastrin

35
Q

D cells

A

Somatostatin

36
Q

Enterochromaffin cells

A

Serotonin

37
Q

Mucous neck cells

A

HCO3

38
Q

Chief cells

A

Pepsinogen

39
Q

Most abundant GI secretory cell

A

Chief cells

40
Q

ECL cells

A

Histamine

41
Q

I cells

A

CCK

42
Q

S cells

A

Secretin

43
Q

At what ph is pepsin most active

A

2.0

44
Q

At what ph is pepsis inactivated

A

6.5

45
Q

Autoimmune attack on parietal cells

A

Pernicious anemia

46
Q

3 physiologic agonists for acid secretion

A

Ach
Gastrin
Histamine

47
Q

Antagonist for acid secretion

A

Somatostatin
PGE PGI
EGF

48
Q

Amount of gastric juice secreted per day

A

2 liters

49
Q

Most important pancreatic enzymes to digest protein

A

Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Carboxypeptidase

50
Q

Action of CCK in GB and Sphincter of Oddi

A

Contract GB and relax sphincter of oddi

51
Q

Amount of bile secreted per day

A

500ml

52
Q

Stimulate HCO3 secretion

A

Secretin

53
Q

Phase of pancreatic secretion with greatest release of pancreatic fluid

A

Intestinal phase

54
Q

Most abundant substance secreted in bile

A

Bile salts

55
Q

Max volume of GB

A

30-60ml

56
Q

2 most important action of bile salts

A

Emulsification/detergent function

Micelle formation

57
Q

Cleaves alpha 1,4 glycosidic bond

A

Alpha amylase

58
Q

Bursts of intense electrical and contractile activity in fasting state

A

Migrating myoelectric complex

59
Q

Most common site of perforation

A

Cecum

60
Q

Most common site of obstruction

A

Sigmoid

61
Q

Primary site of water and electrolyte absorption

A

Proximal colon

62
Q

Action is to counteract hcl

A

Secretin

63
Q

Enzyme that convert trypsinogen to trypsin

A

Enterokinase

64
Q

2 examples of primary bile acid

A

Cholic acid

Chenodeoxycholic acid

65
Q

Digests protein

A

Pepsin

66
Q

Inhibit gastrin secretion when ph is <3

A

Somatostatin

67
Q

K cells in duodenum

A

GIP

68
Q

Increase insulin and decrease H secretion

A

GIP

69
Q

Control of salivary secretion

A

Parasympathetic

Triad Subjects (8 decks)

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