GI Infections Exam 2 Sparks

Question 1

Define Diarrhea?

Answer 1

3 unformed stools in 24 hrs x 2 days
6 watery stools in a 36 hr period
8 uniformed stool in a 48-hour period

Question 2

What are the most common type of Diarrhea?

Answer 2

Bacterial, viral, fungal

Question 3

What is most common viral diarrhea?

Answer 3

Norovirus

Question 4

What bacterial agent in US causes most Hospitalizations and deaths in US?

Answer 4

Non-typhoid Salmonella

Question 5

Define Toxic Megacolon?

Answer 5

Colon malfunctions and widens d/t inflammation and swelling in deeper layers of the colon.
“In severe cases, colon ruptures”

Question 6

What are some of the causes of of Inflamed colon?

Answer 6

• IBD; Ulcerative Colitis; Crohn’s disease
• Chronic Constipation
• Congenital; Hirschprung’s disease
• infection; clostrididides difficile (gram+, spore forming, anaerobe)

Question 7

What are some of the categories of CDI?

Answer 7

• Diarrheal symptoms
• Toxic Megacolon
• Specimen-positive pseudomembranous colitis

Question 8

How long to Symptoms persists for Refractory CDAD?

Answer 8

• Symptoms persists for more than 3-6 days of therapy

Question 9

How many weeks there are where within this time frame CDAD may comeback?

Answer 9

2-8 weeks after the treatment have been completed

Question 10

What are some of the risk factors for CDAD?

Answer 10

• Over 65 years old
• Severe underlying medical conditions
• Antibiotics need to continue during CDI treatment
• No or diminished antibody-mediated immune response to toxin B

Question 11

What are 3 epidemiological categories?

Answer 11

• Healthcare facility-onset (HCFO)
• Community-onset healthcare facility-associated (CO-HCFA)
• Community-onset (CO)