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GI infections Flashcards

1
Q

typical pathogens of esophagus

A

candida, HSV, CMV

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2
Q

typical pathogens of stomach

A

H pylori

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3
Q

typical pathogens of intestines

A

C diff, Ecoli, salmonella, shigella

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4
Q

what type of candida is most common pathogen of esophagus?

A

candida albicans

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5
Q

which pathogen does NOT cause ulcers in esophagus

A

candida

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6
Q

most common virus affecting the esophagus

A

HSV 1

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7
Q

what to use in candida infxns in ppl who are failing standard tx

A

IV echinocandin

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8
Q

standard tx for candida

A

oral fluconazole

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9
Q

tx for CMV

A

IV ganciclovir

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10
Q

best tests for noninvasive studies of H pylori (2)

A
  1. urea breath test

2. stool Ag test

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11
Q

what is the 1st choice test for h pylori when endoscopy is indicated

A

biopsy urease test

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12
Q

what can alter the results of a biopsy urease test (2)

A
  1. PPI

2. active GI bleed

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13
Q

best tx for h pylori?

A
  1. PPI+amoxicillin x 5 days,

2. PPI + clarithromycin + tinidazole x 5 days

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14
Q

when to repeat noninvasive tests for h pylori after tx

A

> 6-8 weeks

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15
Q

home canned foods, bacteria

A

clostridium perfringins

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16
Q

fried rice, bacteria

A

bacillus cereus

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17
Q

caesar salad, , bacteria

A

salmonella

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18
Q

daycare centers, bacteria

A

shigella

19
Q

raw milk, cheese, bacteria

A

campylobacter

20
Q

shellfish, coconut milk, bacteria

A

vibrio cholerae

21
Q

pregnancy, neonates, immunocompromised, bacteria

A

listeria

22
Q

virus - daycare, nurseries

A

rotavirus

23
Q

virus - schools, nursing homes, cruise ships

A

norovirus

24
Q

virus - overcrowding, travelers, MSM

A

hep A

25
Q

protozoa - pools, waterparks, stream water

A

giardia

26
Q

protozoa - daycare, pools, animals, AIDS

A

crypto

27
Q

protozoa - raspberries from guatemala

A

cyclospora

28
Q

large volumes of watery stool, dehydration, acidosis, azotemia , negative fecal leukocyte studies- what pathogens are typical (2)

A

non-inflammatory:

  1. vibrio cholerae
  2. enterotoxigenic e coli
29
Q

small quantities of bloody and mucousy stool, with fever, positive fecal leukocyte studies - what pathogens are typical (3)

A

inflammatory:

  1. shigella
  2. salmonella
  3. campylobacter jejuni
30
Q

grossly bloody bowel, anemia, azotemia, HUS, NO fever - what pathogens are typical (1)

A

E coli type O157: H7

31
Q

how to tx E coli?

A

do NOT tx with antibiotics,just supportive

32
Q

what is the most sensitive test for C diff, but used only in research settings

A

stool culture

33
Q

what is considered the gold standard for C diff

A

cell culture cytotoxin test

34
Q

most commonly used test for C diff

A

PCR toxin gene detection

35
Q

tx of mild-moderate C diff, with WBC under 15000

A

metronidazole

36
Q

tx of severe C diff with WBC > 15000

A

oral vancomycin

37
Q

tx of severe C diff with ileus

A

vancomycin + metronidazole

38
Q

if present with diarrhea without fever or blood in stool, can start tx with?

A

bismuth or antiperistaltic agents

39
Q

tx non-inflammatory diarrhea with _____; and inflammatory diarrhea with ____only if____

A

tx non-inflammatory diarrhea with rehydration/antimicrobials, and inflammatory diarrhea with antimicrobials only if severely ill

40
Q

with first reoccurence of C diff, how to tx

A

can use same regimen

41
Q

do not use ____beyond 1st reoccurrence or for long term chronic tx of C diff

A

metronidazole

42
Q

tx of later reoccurrence of C diff?

A

vancomycin

43
Q

can probiotics be used to prevent primary CDI?

A

not recommended

ID (17 decks)

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