GI infections

Question 1

typical pathogens of esophagus

Answer 1

candida, HSV, CMV

Question 2

typical pathogens of stomach

Answer 2

H pylori

Question 3

typical pathogens of intestines

Answer 3

C diff, Ecoli, salmonella, shigella

Question 4

what type of candida is most common pathogen of esophagus?

Answer 4

candida albicans

Question 5

which pathogen does NOT cause ulcers in esophagus

Answer 5

candida

Question 6

most common virus affecting the esophagus

Answer 6

HSV 1

Question 7

what to use in candida infxns in ppl who are failing standard tx

Answer 7

IV echinocandin

Question 8

standard tx for candida

Answer 8

oral fluconazole

Question 9

tx for CMV

Answer 9

IV ganciclovir

Question 10

best tests for noninvasive studies of H pylori (2)

Answer 10

1. urea breath test

2. stool Ag test

Question 11

what is the 1st choice test for h pylori when endoscopy is indicated

Answer 11

biopsy urease test

Question 12

what can alter the results of a biopsy urease test (2)

Answer 12

1. PPI

2. active GI bleed

Question 13

best tx for h pylori?

Answer 13

1. PPI+amoxicillin x 5 days,

2. PPI + clarithromycin + tinidazole x 5 days

Question 14

when to repeat noninvasive tests for h pylori after tx

Answer 14

> 6-8 weeks

Question 15

home canned foods, bacteria

Answer 15

clostridium perfringins

Question 16

fried rice, bacteria

Answer 16

bacillus cereus

Question 17

caesar salad, , bacteria

Answer 17

salmonella

Question 18

daycare centers, bacteria

Answer 18

shigella

Question 19

raw milk, cheese, bacteria

Answer 19

campylobacter

Question 20

shellfish, coconut milk, bacteria

Answer 20

vibrio cholerae

Question 21

pregnancy, neonates, immunocompromised, bacteria

Answer 21

listeria

Question 22

virus - daycare, nurseries

Answer 22

rotavirus

Question 23

virus - schools, nursing homes, cruise ships

Answer 23

norovirus

Question 24

virus - overcrowding, travelers, MSM

Answer 24

hep A

Question 25

protozoa - pools, waterparks, stream water

Answer 25

giardia

Question 26

protozoa - daycare, pools, animals, AIDS

Answer 26

crypto

Question 27

protozoa - raspberries from guatemala

Answer 27

cyclospora

Question 28

large volumes of watery stool, dehydration, acidosis, azotemia , negative fecal leukocyte studies- what pathogens are typical (2)

Answer 28

non-inflammatory: 1. vibrio cholerae 2. enterotoxigenic e coli

Question 29

small quantities of bloody and mucousy stool, with fever, positive fecal leukocyte studies - what pathogens are typical (3)

Answer 29

inflammatory: 1. shigella 2. salmonella 3. campylobacter jejuni

Question 30

grossly bloody bowel, anemia, azotemia, HUS, NO fever - what pathogens are typical (1)

Answer 30

E coli type O157: H7

Question 31

how to tx E coli?

Answer 31

do NOT tx with antibiotics,just supportive

Question 32

what is the most sensitive test for C diff, but used only in research settings

Answer 32

stool culture

Question 33

what is considered the gold standard for C diff

Answer 33

cell culture cytotoxin test

Question 34

most commonly used test for C diff

Answer 34

PCR toxin gene detection

Question 35

tx of mild-moderate C diff, with WBC under 15000

Answer 35

metronidazole

Question 36

tx of severe C diff with WBC > 15000

Answer 36

oral vancomycin

Question 37

tx of severe C diff with ileus

Answer 37

vancomycin + metronidazole

Question 38

if present with diarrhea without fever or blood in stool, can start tx with?

Answer 38

bismuth or antiperistaltic agents

Question 39

tx non-inflammatory diarrhea with _____; and inflammatory diarrhea with ____only if____

Answer 39

tx non-inflammatory diarrhea with rehydration/antimicrobials, and inflammatory diarrhea with antimicrobials only if severely ill

Question 40

with first reoccurence of C diff, how to tx

Answer 40

can use same regimen

Question 41

do not use ____beyond 1st reoccurrence or for long term chronic tx of C diff

Answer 41

metronidazole

Question 42

tx of later reoccurrence of C diff?

Answer 42

vancomycin

Question 43

can probiotics be used to prevent primary CDI?

Answer 43

not recommended