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Pharmacology > GI drugs > Flashcards

GI drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Deferasirox (use)

A

Hemochromatosis

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2
Q

Deferoxamine (use)

A

Hemochromatosis

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3
Q

Cimetidine and other “-dine” (mechanism)

A

H2 blocker (reversible)

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4
Q

Cimetidine and other “-dine” (3 uses)

A

Peptic ulcer
Gastritis
Mild reflux

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5
Q

Cimetidine and other “-dine” (side effects)

A

Cimetidine only: P450 inhibitor, antiandrogenic, crosses BBB and placenta
Cimetidine and ranitidine: decreases renal excretion of creatinine

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6
Q

-prazole (mechanism)

A

PPI - irreversibly inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in parietal cells
So will inhibit acid secretion in response to ACh, histamine, and gastrin (unlike atropine, which only blocks ACh pathway, or H2 blockers, which only block histamine pathway

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7
Q

-prazole (4 uses)

A

Peptic ulcer
Gastritis
Eso reflux
ZE

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8
Q

-prazole (side effects)

A

Increased risk of C diff and pneumonia
Hip fx
Lowers serum Mg2+ w/ long term use

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9
Q

Bismuth (mechanism)

A

Binds to ulcer base (physical protection for mucous layer)

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10
Q

Bismuth (2 uses)

A

Ulcer healing

Travelers’ diarrhea

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11
Q

Sucralfate (mechanism)

A

Binds to ulcer base (physical protection for mucous layer)

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12
Q

Sucralfate (2 uses)

A

Ulcer healing

Travelers’ diarrhea

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13
Q

Misoprostol (mechanism)

A

PGE1 analog -> better gastric mucous barrier, decreases acid production

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14
Q

Misoprostol (3 uses)

A 
Prevent NSAID-induced peptic ulcers
Maintain PDA
Induce labor (ripens cervix)
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15
Q

Misoprostol (side effects)

A

Diarrhea

Abortion

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16
Q

Aluminum hydroxide (use)

A

Antacid

17
Q

Aluminum hydroxide (side effects)

A

Constipation, hypophosphatemia, prox m. weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures, hypokalemia

18
Q

Calcium carbonate (use)

A

Antacid

19
Q

Calcium carbonate (side effects)

A

Rebound increase in acid
Reduces effectiveness of other drugs (tetracycline)
Hypokalemia

20
Q

Magnesium hydroxide (2 uses)

A

Antacid

Osmotic laxative

21
Q

Magnesium hydroxide (side effects)

A

Diarrhea, cardiac arrest, hyporeflexia, hypotension, hypokalemia

22
Q

Magnesium citrate (use)

A

Osmotic laxative

23
Q

PEG (use)

A

Osmotic laxative

24
Q

Lactulose (2 uses)

A

Osmotic laxative
Hepatic encephalopathy or hyperammonemia in general (ACIDIFIES INTESTINAL CONTENT b/c it gets degraded by bac into acetic acid and lactic acid -> NH3 moves in from blood and gets converted to NH4+ -> body poops it out)

25
Q

Infliximab (mechanism)

A

Monoclonal Ab to TNF-a

26
Q

Infliximab (5 uses)

A 
Crohn
UC
RA
Ankylosing spondylitis
Psoriasis
27
Q

Infliximab (side effects)

A

Infection (TB reactivation), fever, hypotension

28
Q

Sulfasalazine (mechanism)

A

Salfapyridine (antibac) + 5-ASA (anti inflammatory)

Activated by colonic bac

29
Q

Sulfasalazine (2 uses)

A

UC

Crohn

30
Q

Sulfasalazine (side effects)

A

Sulfonamide toxicity, reversible oligospermia, malaise, nausea

31
Q

Ondansetron (mechanism)

A

5-HT3 ANTAgonist, decreases vagal stimulation

32
Q

Ondansetron (use)

A

Antiemetic in post-op chemo pts

33
Q

Ondansetron (side effects)

A

Headache, constipation

34
Q

Metoclopramide (mechanism and 2 uses)

A 
D2 ANTAgonist (prokinetic and antiemetic), doesn't influence colon transport time
For gastroparesis (in diabetic or post-surgery), antiemetic
35
Q

Metoclopramide (side effects)

A

Parkinsonian effects
Interactions w/ digoxin and diabetic agents
Contraindicated w/ small bowel obstruction or Parkinson disease

36
Q

Rifaximin (mechanism and use)

A

Kills intestinal bacteria

For hepatic encephalopathy

37
Q

Penicillamine (mechanism and use)

A

Copper chelator

Wilson disease

38
Q

Trientine (use)

A

Wilson disease

39
Q

Orlistat (mechanism and use)

A

Inhibits intestinal lipase -> inhibits fat absorption

Weight loss tx for obesity

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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