GI Buzzwords

Question 1

Gingival hypertrophy/ Gingivectomy/biting on own gums is a sign of what?

Answer 1

Side effect of CCB or phenytoin

Question 2

Bird beak appearance on imaging of oesophagus?

Answer 2

Achalasia

Question 3

Bird beak appearance on Lower GI imaging?

Answer 3

Bowel obstruction

Question 4

What do Grey Turner’s & Cullen’s sign indicate?

Answer 4

Acute pancreatitis

Question 5

Causes of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 5

GET SMASHED: Gallstones, ethanol, trauma, steroids, mumps, autoimmune, scorpion bite/stings, Hyperlipidaemia/hyperthermia/hypercalcaemia, ERCP, Drugs.

Question 6

What does a positive murphy sign indicate?

Answer 6

Cholecystitis

Question 7

What are pale stools, jaundice & abdo pain a sign of?

Answer 7

Biliary obstruction

Question 8

What is abode distension, caput medusa & shifting dullness signs of?

Answer 8

Portal hypertension + ascites

Question 9

What are pyoderma gangrenous & erythema nodosum signs of?

Answer 9

Crohn’s/UC

Question 10

What does “tinkling bowel sounds” suggest?

Answer 10

Bowel obstruction

Question 11

What does a vesicular rash + weight loss indicate? (dermatitis herpatiformis?)

Answer 11

Coeliac disease?

Question 12

Virchow’s node (Left supra-clavicular) is associated with what?

Answer 12

Gastric cancer

Question 13

What is the urea breath test for?

Answer 13

H. pylori

Question 14

C14 Breath test?

Answer 14

Bacterial overgrowth

Question 15

“rice-water” like stools

Answer 15

Vibrio. cholera

Question 16

D+V after reheated/old rice?

Answer 16

Bacillus Cereus

Question 17

Primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with which antibodies?

Answer 17

Presence of AMA (Anti-mitochondrial antibodies)

Question 18

Autoimmune hepatitis is associated with which antibodies?

Answer 18

Presence of ASMA (Anti-smooth muscle antibodies)

Question 19

What assay can be used for hepatocellular carcinomas

Answer 19

Alpha feto protein assay

Question 20

What is alpha feto protein assay a test for?

Answer 20

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 21

Cobblestone mucosa is found in what disease?

Answer 21

Crohn’s disease. Indicates deep fissuring ulceration of the mucosa.

Question 22

Diuretic for ascites?

Answer 22

Spironolactone

Question 23

What does a corkscrew oesophagus on barium swallow indicate ?

Answer 23

Diffuse oesophageal spasm

Question 24

Severe abdo pain + D&V after Raw milk indicates what organism?

Answer 24

Campylobacter

Question 25

What is Russell’s sign?

Answer 25

Self-induced vomiting (AN + BN)

Question 26

What are Mallory’s hyaline bodies a sign of?

Answer 26

Alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis) & chronic active hepatitis

Question 27

Crypt abscess/ cryptitis is a sign of?

Answer 27

Inflammatory bowel specifically Crohn’s

Question 28

Onion skinning fibrosis & beading of bile ducts is a sign of?

Answer 28

Primary Sclerosing cholangitis?

Question 29

“Signet ring” cells on biopsy?

Answer 29

Linitis plastica- diffuse stomach cancer

Question 30

Thumb-printing on X-ray commonly at splenic flexure ?

Answer 30

Ischaemic colitis

Question 31

What is Charcot’s triad a sign of?

Answer 31

Acute cholangitis? Consists of Fever, jaundice & abdominal pain secondary to cholelithiasis

Question 32

Causes for abdominal masses?

Answer 32

A CHEMICAL; AAA, crown’s, hernia, enlarged organ, malignancy, intersussception, crypt or abscess, appendicitis, lympadenopathy

Question 33

Causes for bowel obstruction?

Answer 33

BATH VIPS; Bolus, adhesions, tumour, hernia, volvulus, intersussception, pseudo-obstruction, stricture

Question 34

Causes of Liver disease?

Answer 34

ABCDEFGHI

Autoimmune, Hep B, Hep C, Drugs, ethanol, Fatty liver disease, Growth, Haemodynamic, Infiltration or infective.

Question 35

Causes of abdominal distension?

Answer 35

5 (or 6) F’s: Fat, Foetus, Flatus, Faeces, Fluid, Fucking massive tumour