GI Flashcards
Medication route that should be avoided for Acute Pancreatitis
PO…will cause further pancreatic secretions…IV pain meds should be used
Mucus or blood in stool
IBS
Desirable pH of stomach to reduce stress ulcer risk
3.5-5
Hydrochloric acid has pH 1-3
Gastrin
Hormone that stimulates secretion of hydrochloric acid
Necessary for absorption of fat soluble vitamins
Bile
Fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E, K
Necessary for absorption of Calcium
Vit D
Specific description of peritoneal irritation
Lying still with knees flexed
Often seen with acute appendicitis/Bowel perf
Length of time it takes to evealuate transfusion of PRBCs effect on HGB
6hrs
Immediate draw after transfusion is just to see if they’re still bleeding
0-750cc Blood Loss
Class I
HR<100
BP unchanged
RR 14-20
UOP >30
Restless
750-1500cc blood loss
Class II
HR>100
BP unchanged, decreased pulse pressure
RR 20-30
UOP 20-30
Anxious
1500-2000cc blood loss
Class III
30-40% loss
HR>120
BP Reduced
RR 30-40
UOP 5-15
Anxious/comfused
> 2000cc blood loss
Class IV
>40% loss
HR>140
BP reduced
RR >40
UOP anuric
Confused/lethargic
Dietary component that should be restricted with hepatic encephalopathy
Protein…but only in encephalopathy
High protein and Calories im the diet are important with liver disease otherwise
Also Na due to increase in circulating aldosterone which can’t be broken down by liver
Screening test for ABD trauma to
FAST
Can accurately predict need for laparotomy
Chvostek sign
Hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia
Twitch of facial muscle when tapping on cheek
Trousseau Sign
HypoCa or HypoMg
Spasm of hand/wrist when assessing NIBP
Transducer level for intra ABD pressure
Symphysis pubis
Kehr Sign
Referred left shoulder pain from splenic rupture
Cullen sign can also be seen with splenic rupture
Cullen sign
Bluish tint around umbilicus indicating intraperitoneal bleed
Areflexia
Muscles don’t respond to stimuli
Pancreatitis pain
Epigastric pain boring through to the back
Increase in ABD girth of 1in equals ? cc blood accumulation
500-1L
Diagnostic studies acute pancreatitis
HypoCa
Decreased albumin
Increased amylase and lipase
Ways to decrease ammonia
Lactulose
Adequate calories p
Rifaxamin(decreases bacteria in gut that breakdown nitrogenous waste into ammonia)
