Cardiac

Question 1

Accentuated P2

Answer 1

pHTN

Question 2

Right sided P4

Answer 2

Noncompliance of R ventricle

Question 3

Right sided P3

Answer 3

R ventricle is failing….JVD, increased RAP, increased CVP

Question 4

Rate at which Dopamine has pure A affects

Answer 4

> 10mcg/kg/min

Question 5

Best position for pericarditis pain

Answer 5

Sit up and lean forward

Question 6

Normal difference between PAd and PAOP

Answer 6

5 or less w/ PAd higher…larger gap indicates pHTN. Difference between the two is also called right to left gradient

Question 7

S4

Answer 7

Ventricular noncompliance

Likely to happen d/t uncontrolled severe HTN which causes ventricular hypertrophy which makes it non compliant, also ischemia(MI), infarction, hypertrophy, cardiac tamponade, cardiomyopathy and restrictive pericarditis

Question 8

S3

Answer 8

Left ventricular failure

Question 9

Normal PAOP

Answer 9

8-15

Question 10

Most common causes of HF

Answer 10

CAD, HTN, valvular heart disese

Question 11

First line drug torsades

Answer 11

Mg

Question 12

Pancuromium

Answer 12

Sometimes associated with severe tachycardia. May need beta blocker

Question 13

Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome

Answer 13

Accessory pathway through AV node leading to supraventricular tachycardias
Only definitive tx is to destroy the pathway with ablation
Sometimes treated with flecainide

Question 14

Ibutilide

Answer 14

Converts acute AF to NSR

Question 15

Papillary muscle rupture

Answer 15

New holosystolic murmur at apex indicated mitral regurge
Mostly seen with inferior MI
Need emergent surgery/MV replacement

Question 16

Large V wave on PAOP

Answer 16

Mitral regurg

Question 17

Systolic murmur lower left sternal border

Answer 17

Possible VSD if post LAD MI
LAD Occlusion may see reciprocal changes in II,III,aVF

Question 18

Inferior MI leads/must know

Answer 18

2,3,avf
V1, v2R-V4R
AVOID PRELOAD REDUCERS
- preload dependent, don’t give morphine, nitrates, diuretics

Question 19

Normal RAP

Answer 19

2-6

Question 20

Normal PVR

Answer 20

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