GI Flashcards
S/S for Gastroparesis which is a complication of uncontrolled hyperglycemia
-Delay in gastric emptying leading to early satiety and postprandial fullness
- results in Hypoglycemia if the pt takes rapid acting insulin WITH meals and gastric emptying is delayed
-Nausea
Managed by taking short acting insulin which has a longer onset of action or taking rapid acting insulin AFTER meals
Treatment of H.pylori WITH NO previous macrolide exposure
-PPI
- Clarithromycin
- Amoxicillin or metronidazole for 14 days
Treatment of H.pylori WITH previous macrolide exposure
First-line:
- PPI, Bismuth, tetracycline and a nitroimidazole for 10-14 days
Concomitant therapy:
-PPI, Clarithromycin, amoxicillin and metronidazole for 14 days
OR sequential
-PPI and amoxicillin 5-7 days, followed by PPI and clarythromycin + nitroimidazole for 5-7 days
Appetite Stimulant
Megestrol Acetate
side effect: secondary adrenal insufficiency
Diagnostic test for Celiac disease
Immunoglobulin A tissue transglutaminase
Diagnostic test for GERD
24 HR PH esophageal and pharyngeal PH monitoring
Flexible endoscopy
Barium swallow
Nissen fundoplication is a surgical treatment
Initial screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm
Abdominal ultrasound
If the aneurysm is near 5.5 cm a contrasted CT scan is indicated
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis antibiotic of choice
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
s/s
- change in mental status
-fever
-leukocytosis
- PMN cell count 250/ul
Intervention for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
- diagnostic paracentesis
-culture of fluid - empiric antibiotics (Cefoxtamine is successful for treating 78-98% of cases
-sodium restriction and diuretics
s/s
chronic liver failure with worsening ascites, fever, malaise, abdominal pain with rebound tenderness and worsening hepatic failure
Imaging for Gallstone pancreatitis/ Acute pancreatitis
- Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CERT)
S/S of gallstone pancreatitis
-elevated lipase
-nausea/vomiting
-mid-abdominal pain that radiates to the back
-History of gallstones
