Cardiac

Question 1

Gold standard for detection of cardiac transplant rejection

Answer 1

Endomyocardial Biopsy

Question 2

Inferior wall MI leads
Anterolateral leads
Lateral wall leads

Answer 2

II, III aVF
V4-V6 and AVL
I, aVL, V5, V6

Question 3

Test to detect vegetation (new regurgitate murmur and erythematous macular lesions on the palm of the hands)

Answer 3

Transesophageal echocardiogram TEE

Question 4

Dx test for pulmonary hypertension

Answer 4

cardiac catheterization

Question 5

Treatment plan for pts 40-75 with LDL greater than or equal to 70 mg/dL

Answer 5

Moderate or high-intensity statin therapy

Question 6

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy s/s

Answer 6

Young adult
- Syncope
- Aortic stenosis murmur
- ECG findings of NSR with biphasic P waves in leads V1 and V2 and deep Q waves in leads I, aVL, V5 and V6.

Question 7

Constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy diagnostic tools

Answer 7

Cardiac CT, MRI or echocardiogram
Restrictive cardiomyopathy may also be diagnosed with endomyocardial biopsy

Question 8

Life-threatening dysrhythmia usually associated with Heart failure

Answer 8

Ventricular Tachycardia

Question 9

Mitral valve regurgitation

Answer 9

Holosystolic murmur at the apex radiating to the axilla

Question 10

Mitral stenosis

Answer 10

Diastolic murmur at the apex

Question 11

Aortic stenosis

Answer 11

Systolic ejection murmur associated with a click
S4 Gallop

Question 12

Aortic regurgitation

Answer 12

Diastolic murmur at the left sternal border radiating to the neck

Question 13

Opening snap can be heard in what murmur?

Answer 13

• Mitral valve regurgitation or mitral valve prolapse

Question 14

When can split S2 be heard

Answer 14

when the closure of the aortic valve and closure of the pulmonic valve are not synchronized

Question 15

ABI that indicates SEVERE ischemia of the lower extremities

Answer 15

-ABI less than 0.3
Generally ABI less than 0.9 is abnormal

Question 16

Most causative organism for endocarditis

Answer 16

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 17

Medication regimen for patients with ACS s/p STEMI

Answer 17

DAPT x1 year, ACE/ARBs indefinitely, anti-platelet agent and BB
Example: Aspirin, clopidogrel, metoprolol and lisinopril

Question 18

Urgent intervention for bradycardia in the setting of ACS

Answer 18

Concerns should be for High grade AV block so intervention should be Transcutaneous pacing

THEN
Transvenous pacing

Question 19

ECG findings for pulmonary hypertension

Answer 19

Right axis deviation with a right bundle branch block,

R/S ratio ≤1 in lead V,

S wave greater than 7 mm deep in V5 or V6

incomplete right bundle branch block.

Question 20

Right ventricular involvement s/s

Answer 20

Elevated JVD in the setting of clear lungs
V3-V4 ST segment changes

Question 21

What is the criteria for starting patients on Ivabradine (Corlanor)

Answer 21

Patients with stable HFrEF with an ejection fraction of 35% in maximum dose of beta blockers and in sinus rhythm with a resting HR of 70 or greater

Question 22

Treatment for hypertensive crisis that arises from catecholaminergic mechanisms such as cocaine

Answer 22

Calcium channel blockers or phentolamine

-BB can worsen the hypertension because of unopposed peripheral vasoconstriction