GI 1

Question 1

what is IBD

Answer 1

Chronic, non-specific inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract

  - Crohn’s disease 
  - Ulcerative colitis

Peak occurrence 15-40 years of age

Aetiology is unknown, but both have been linked to microorganisms and diet.

Question 2

IBD causes?

Answer 2

unknown

autoimmune

Question 3

risk factors of IBD

Answer 3

• hygiene
• diet
• sleep
• medication
• physical activity
• smoking
• stress

Question 4

diagnosis of IBD

Answer 4

-initial evaluation - exclude other diseases
-blood tests for general signs of inflammation and for any vitamin deficiency
-stool test - rule out infections
biopsy
x-ray
ct scan
MRI

Question 5

what is crohns disease

Answer 5

• chronic inflammation of GIT

- extends all the way through intestinal walls from mucosa to serosa

Question 6

what is the pathogenesis of crohns disease

Answer 6

macrophages
T cells activated
TH2 response and TH1 response

Question 7

what are the symptoms of crohns disease?

Answer 7

Patients present with diarrhea and insidious abdominal pain
Pain is often exacerbated after feeding
Diarrhoea is usually non-bloody (helps differentiate from ulcerative colitis)
Patients can frequently have fever and weight loss

Non-intestinal manifestations can include:
mouth ulcers (immune response), 
arthritis, 
erythema nodosum (inflammation of fat cells under skin)

Question 8

complications with crohns disease

Answer 8

Narrowing of intestine (Stricture) can lead to blockage/obstruction-
Severe cramping abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and constipation; treated surgically

Localized collection of pus or infection (abscess)- This causes pain and a fever

A fistula can form because the inflammation in Crohn’s spreads
through the whole thickness of the bowel wall

Question 9

what is ulcerative colitis

Answer 9

Ulcerative Colitis is a condition that causes inflammation and ulceration of the inner lining of the rectum and colon
-surface of the intestine is inflamed

Question 10

symptoms UC

Answer 10

Loss of appetite and loss of weight
Diarrhea: often with blood, mucus and pus
Cramping pains in the abdomen; very severe and often occur before passing a stool.
Tiredness and fatigue; illness-induced (anaemia, lack of sleep at night with pain or diarrhoea
Feeling generally unwell; fever
Anaemia: loss of blood, poor diet

Question 11

what is the cause UC

Answer 11

virus
bacteria
diet
stress