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0. Unisea 2023 > Germany > Flashcards

Germany Flashcards

1
Q

What is the warmest German region?

A

Baden, further south, stretching towards the Swiss border. It is noticeably drier, warmer and sunnier than the other regions.

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2
Q

How much ha is planted with vines in Germany?

A

At around 100,000 ha, Germany have the sixth largest area under vine in Europe. Interesting is that figure has risen very slightly in recent years, making Germany the only traditional European wine-producing country where the area under vine is not falling.

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3
Q

What are most planted Germany White Varieties?

A

Riesling is most planted with 22.5%; then Müller-Thurgau with 13%; follows Silvaner; Grauburgunder; and Weißburgunder in the range of 4-5%.

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4
Q

What are most planted Germany Red Varieties?

A

Spätburgunder is the most planted red variety with 11.5%; follows Dornfelder with 8%; Portugieser 4%; and Trollinger 2.5%.

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5
Q

Name three white v. vinifera crossings produced in Germany?

A

Müller-Thurgau, Scheurebe, and Kerner.

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6
Q

Name the best red v. vinifera crossing produced in Germany?

A

Dornfelder, second most planted black variety in Germany

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7
Q

What German regions are found in climatic zone A?

A

All German wine-growing regions except Baden

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8
Q

What is Süssreserve?

A

Unfermented or partially-fermented grape must, used to sweeten wine post-fermentation.

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9
Q

Name four quality levels of German wine?

A

Deutscher Wein, Landwein, Qualitätswein, and Prädikatswein. Quality levels are increasing in order of their must weight at harvest.

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10
Q

What is Deutscher Wein?

A

This covers wine without a geographical indication made exclusively from grapes grown in Germany. These are inexpensive wines intended to be drunk when young.

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11
Q

What is Landwein?

A

German equivalent of PGI wine, at least 85 per cent of the grapes must originate in the Landwein region named on the label. Together Deutscher Wein and Landwein accounted for around 2 per cent of production of the 2017 vintage.

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12
Q

What is Qualitätswein?

A

PDO category, grapes must come from one of 13 designated quality wine regions that must appear on the label. Wines can be made in all styles, majority of everyday drinking and high volume wines come under this category although there are also some high-quality examples from producers that are following the VDP’s lead and labelling their dry wines as Qualitätswein trocken, and only using Prädikatswein for sweeter wines.

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13
Q

Piesport village is found in what German Region?

A

Mosel

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14
Q

What is Prädikatswein?

A

PDO category, but with more stringent regulations. The grapes must come exclusively from a Bereich, produced from grapes with the highest must weights and enrichment is not permitted at this level.

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15
Q

What is Prädikat?

A

Six levels of German wines defined by minimum must weight. Prädikat means ‘distinction’.

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16
Q

Name six levels of Prädikat?

A

In increasing order of must weight, these are: Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese, Eiswein, and Trockenbeerenauslese.

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17
Q

Bernkastel village is found in what German Region?

A

Mosel

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18
Q

What are Kabinett wines?

A

Produced from the grapes with the lowest must weights for Prädikatswein, Kabinett wines are the lightest in body and highest in acid. They can be dry to medium-sweet in style: those with residual sugar can have alcohol levels as low as 7% abv (the legal minimum) but dry wines can reach 12% abv.

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19
Q

What are Spätlese wines?

A

Produced from fully-ripened grapes, which are usually picked about two weeks later than those destined for Kabinett wines. Spätlese wines can also range from dry to medium-sweet.

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20
Q

What are Auslese wines?

A

Made from specially-selected, extra-ripe bunches of grapes. Auslese is the last category at which wines can be dry, although many of the best are sweeter in style, with a balance of sweetness and acidity that gives them potential for long bottle-ageing.

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21
Q

Describe Kabinett Riesling?

A

Kabinett Riesling is light-bodied, has high acidity and aromas of green and citrus fruit

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22
Q

Describe Spätlese wines?

A

Compared to Kabinett theyhave a greater concentration of riper fruit flavours (typically stone fruits for Riesling), slightly higher alcohol levels (at a comparable level of residual sugar) and a fuller body.

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23
Q

Describe Auslese wines?

A

Auslese wines have even riper and concentrated flavours that Spätlese. The wines often have honey characteristics and some of the grapes may have been affected by botrytis which will give added complexity of flavour.

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24
Q

What are Beerenauslese (BA) wines?

A

Made from individually selected berries, must therefore be harvested by hand. The berries need not be botrytized but it is a typical feature of these wines. The wines are rare (produced in small quantities from very low yields) and very expensive, only produced in years with suitable conditions for noble rot to form.

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25
Q

What are Eiswein wines?

A

Minimum must weights are the same as for BA but the only healthy grapes (not rot) must be picked when they are frozen (below -7°C), artificial freezing of the grapes is not permitted.

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26
Q

Erden village is found in what German Region?

A

Mosel

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27
Q

What are Trockenbeerenauslese wines?

A

The shrivelled, raisin-like grapes must have been affected by botrytis and produce tiny amounts of highly concentrated, extremely sweet wines. However, the sweetness is still balanced by high acidity and this can help the wines age elegantly for a very long time. Rarely more than 8% abv, most expensive wines produced in Germany.

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28
Q

Describe Beerenauslese (BA) wines?

A

At must weights this high, the wine will always be sweet, reaching only relatively low levels of alcohol. With Riesling, the typical flavours are of very ripe and dried stone fruit.

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29
Q

Describe Eiswein wines?

A

Riesling Eiswein tend to have high acidity and concentrated, pure peach and grapefruit flavours. Because only very small amounts are produced, Eiswein is rare and sells at premium prices.

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30
Q

Nackenheim village is found in what German Region?

A

Rheinhessen

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31
Q

What is the minimum alcohol level for Beerenauslese, Eiswein and Trockenbeerenauslese wines?

A

Minimum alcohol level is 5.5% abv

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32
Q

What is the minimum alcohol level for Kabinett, Spätlese, and Auslese wines?

A

Minimum alcohol level is 7% abv

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33
Q

Oppenheim village is found in what German Region?

A

Rheinhessen

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34
Q

What are suitable conditions for noble rot to form?

A

Brief periods of humidity, followed by dry, sunny weather

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35
Q

What is mean Trocken on Geman Wine Label?

A

Trocken means ‘dry’. Wines with no more than 4g/l residual sugar.

36
Q

Ürzig village is found in what German Region?

A

Mosel

37
Q

What is mean Halbtrocken on Geman Wine Label?

A

Halbtrocken means ‘off-dry’. Wines with between 4 and 12 g/l of residual sugar.

38
Q

What is mean Lieblich on Geman Wine Label?

A

Lieblich means ’medium / medium-sweet’. Wines with between 12 and 45g/l of residual sugar.

39
Q

What is mean Süss on Geman Wine Label?

A

Süss means ’sweet’. Wines with more than 45g/l of residual sugar.

40
Q

What is mean Feinherbon on Geman Wine Label?

A

Literal translation is ‘fine dry’, not defined by law, Feinherb is used for wines which fall within the legal definition of halbtrocken without potentially negative connotations, because dry wines are fancy now.

41
Q

What is Bereich in Germany?

A

Wine-producing districts,

42
Q

What is Einzellagen in Germany?

A

Individual vineyard site,

43
Q

What is Grosslagen in Germany?

A

Collective vineyard sites, usually comprising several Einzellagen,

44
Q

What is Liebfraumilch?

A

It is a medium white wine of Qualitätswein level with at least 18g/l residual sugar. Müller-Thurgau dominate the blend.

45
Q

What is Verband Deutscher Prädikatsweingüter (VDP)?

A

National German association of producers committed to top quality wine production founded in 1910 which promotes their wines through a four-tier vineyard classification system. It has also established stricter regulations regarding grape growing and winemaking than those imposed by the German wine laws,

46
Q

What is a VDP logo which must appear on their wine capsules?

A

An eagle bearing a bunch of grapes

47
Q

Johannisberg village is found in what German Region?

A

Rheingau

48
Q

What is the most planted variety amongst VDP members?

A

Riesling, accounting for over half of their vineyards.

49
Q

What style of wine is produced by VDP members?

A

Much of the production is of dry wines, both white and red, although wines with residual sugar account for a significant proportion of VDP wine in the Mosel. These dry wines must be labelled Qualitätswein trocken. Prädikat levels are to be used only for wines with residual sweetness.

50
Q

What are the four categories of VDP wine?

A

VDP Gutswein, VDP Ortswein, VDP Erste Lage, and VDP Grosse Lage

51
Q

What are VDP Gutswein?

A

These are regional wines, similar in style to generic or regional wines in Burgundy, which originate from a member’s holdings within a particular region.

52
Q

What are VDP Ortswein?

A

The equivalent of village wines in Burgundy, these are produced from grape varieties that are typical of their region.

53
Q

What are VDP Erste Lage?

A

This designates ‘first-class’ vineyards with distinctive characteristics and is the equivalent to Burgundy premier cru. These are excellent quality wines with ageing potential. More stringent grape growing and winemaking regulations apply. Grapes must be harvested by hand and must be at least ripe enough to qualify for Spätlese status.

54
Q

What are VDP Grosse Lage?

A

The equivalent to Burgundy grand cru, they should be outstanding quality and have long ageing potential, only the vineyard name appears on the label and not the village. Permitted grape varieties differ according to the Anbaugebiete.

55
Q

What are Grosses Gewächs?

A

Dry wines made from grapes from Grosse Lage are designated Grosses Gewächs. The term Grosses Gewächs cannot appear on the label; instead the VDP ‘GG’ trademark is used.

56
Q

What is Rheingau Charta (pronounced ‘Carter’)?

A

It was introduced in 1984 to promote dry wines from the best vineyard sites of the Rheingau.

57
Q

What are Erstes Gewächs?

A

Term used for the best dry wines from Rheingau produced from Riesling or Spätburgunder; minimum must weight equivalent to Spätlese.

58
Q

What is Anbaugebiete?

A

Wine-producing regions of Germany

59
Q

What is the largest wine region in Germany?

A

Rheinhessen is home to just under a quarter of German vineyards. It is also the largest in terms of production and yields are amongst the highest in Germany.

60
Q

What are the most important white varieties in Rheinhessen?

A

Riesling is the most planted variety, just ahead of Müller-Thurgau, which, along with the other German crosses, is mainly used in inexpensive blends. White grapes dominate in Rheinhessen with just under 71 per cent of plantings.

61
Q

What is the driest German wine-producing region?

A

Pfalz, only little less wines produced than in Rheinhessen, similar grape composition but due to warmer temperature wines tend to be slightly fuller-bodied with riper fruit flavours.

62
Q

What region in Germany is warmest with most hours of sunshine?

A

Baden, best known for its red wines.

63
Q

What are the most important varieties in Baden?

A

Spätburgunder is the most planted variety and region gain reputation on these wines. Müller-Thurgau is the second most planted variety used for bulk production. Very good Grauburgunder, Weissburgunder and Chardonnay, often matured in oak.

64
Q

What kind of soil is found in Mosel?

A

The dark-coloured slate soil which plays an important part in radiating heat.

65
Q

Describe Mosel Riesling?

A

Mosel Rieslings are paler in colour, lighter in body, with lower alcohol and higher acidity than those from elsewhere and have pronounced floral and green fruit aromas. The balance of acidity and flavour intensity gives these wines potential for long bottle ageing. Mosel has a strong reputation for producing sweeter styles of wine in the Kabinett, Spätlese and Auslese categories.

66
Q

What is the most important white variety in Rheingau?

A

Riesling (78% of all plantings), the majority of these wines are made in a dry style.

67
Q

What is the most important black variety in Rheingau?

A

Spätburgunder

68
Q

What is the most important variety in Ahr?

A

Spätburgunder, fermented to dryness with relatively high tannins and spice notes from oak ageing. Black grape varieties dominate in Ahr with around 83 per cent of plantings.

69
Q

Name most famous Bereich`s found in Mosel?

A

Bereich Bernkastel is the most famous.

70
Q

Name Bereich`s found in Rheingau?

A

Bereich Johannisberg is the only bereich in the Rheingau and covers the whole region.

71
Q

Describe different color seals on German wine labels?

A

Trocken (dry) wines bear a bright yellow seal; lime green seals identify halbtrocken (off-dry) wines; and red seals are reserved for wines that are sweeter.

72
Q

What is Müller-Thurgau?

A

Riesling × Madeleine Royale.

73
Q

What is German name for Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Muskat-Silvaner

74
Q

What is Dornfelder?

A

Red German crossing; notable for its depth of colour (useful in a country where pigments are at a premium); its good acidity; and; in some cases; its ability to benefit from barrique ageing and even to develop in bottle. Easy to grow and disease resistant.

75
Q

What is Grauburgunder?

A

German synonym for Pinot Gris used for the increasingly popular dry wines made from this grape in Germany. Sweeter wines are normally labelled Ruländer.

76
Q

What is German term for noble rot?

A

Edelfäule

77
Q

What variety is Grauburgunder?

A

Pinot Gris

78
Q

What variety is Weissburgunder?

A

Pinot Blanc

79
Q

What is a German synonym for Pinot Meunier?

A

Schwarzriesling

80
Q

What is Schloss?

A

German word for castle; on a wine label it is equivalent to the French word “Chateau.”

81
Q

What is mean Grosses Gewächs?

A

VDP classification of dry wines from the best vineyards, must be Spätlese ripeness.

82
Q

What is Erste Gewächs?

A

Legal term used for dry wines in the Rheingau from the best vineyards.

83
Q

Classic/Selection is simplified hierarchy for drier styles of wine created by?

A

The state-affiliated German Wine Institute at Mainz, they are legally recognized terms and may be used by producers in any anbaugebiet that meet the requirements.

84
Q

What is “Classic” term means on German label?

A

Wine must be dry in taste, at least 12% ABV (Mosel 11.5%), single varietal.

85
Q

What is “Selection” term means on German label?

A

In addition to the criteria for Classic wine; the grapes need to be hand-picked and from one vineyard site; all of which must be noted on the label; and it must be at least 12.2 per cent ABV. There are restrictions on yield and the wine may not be released until the September of the year following the harvest.

0. Unisea 2023 (22 decks)

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