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0. Unisea 2023 > Central Italy > Flashcards

Central Italy Flashcards

1
Q

Name three Italian Wine Categories?

A

Wine without Geographical Indication, PGI Wines, PDO Wines

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2
Q

What is Italian name for PGI wines?

A

Indicazione Geografica Protetta (IGP); Traditional Term was Indicazione Geografica Tipica (IGT).

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3
Q

What are two categories of PDO wines in Italy?

A

Denominazione di Origine Controllata (DOC) and Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG).

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4
Q

When was granted first DOCG?

A
  1. Brunello di Montalcino; Barolo and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano were upgraded from DOC to DOCG.
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5
Q

Name three most planted red varieties in Italy?

A

Sangiovese (most planted any colour), Montepulciano, and Merlot

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6
Q

Name three most planted white varieties in Italy?

A

Pinot Grigio, Trebbiano Toscano, and Glera

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7
Q

What appellation is the largest producer of DOCG wine in Italy?

A

Asti/Moscato d`Asti DOCG

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8
Q

What is mean Dolce regarding Italian wines?

A

Very sweet

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9
Q

What is mean Amabile regarding Italian wines?

A

Sweet but less sweet than dolce

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10
Q

What is mean Abboccato regarding Italian wines?

A

Slightly sweet or off dry style

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11
Q

What is mean Secco regarding Italian wines?

A

Dry

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12
Q

How many ha of vineyards are planted in Italy?

A

Around 700.000 ha

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13
Q

Name five the bigest wine companies in Italy?

A

Caviro (a giant cooperative operating in seven regions and processing more than 10 per cent of all Italian wine grapes), Cantine Riunite, Gruppo Italiano Vini, Santa Margherita and Zonin.

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14
Q

What is Classico mean on Italian label?

A

Wines made exclusively from grapes grown within a defined historical area of a DOC or DOCG.

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15
Q

What is Superiore mean on Italian label?

A

Wines with a higher minimum alcohol level, typically an additional 0.5% abv.

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16
Q

What is Riserva mean on Italian label?

A

Wines submitted to a certain ageing period, at least two years for red wines and one year for white wines. Some individual DOC/DOCG specify that this ageing or part of it must be in oak.

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17
Q

What is mean Novello regarding Italian wines?

A

Wine made and intended to be drunk soon after the harvest

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18
Q

What is mean Frizzante regarding Italian wines?

A

Lightly sparkling

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19
Q

What is mean Passito regarding Italian wines?

A

Generic term for wine made from dried grapes (typically sweet but sometimes dry)

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20
Q

How you call late harvested grapes in Italian?

A

Vendemmia tardiva

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21
Q

What is mean Tenuta regarding Italian wines?

A

Land holding or property. Usually associated with the vineyard location or wine estate.

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22
Q

What is mean Poggio regarding Italian wines?

A

Means hill or elevated place.

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23
Q

What is mean Fattoria regarding Italian wines?

A

Wine farm

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24
Q

What is mean Azienda regarding Italian wines?

A

Company

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25
Q

How you say winery on Italian?

A

Cascina or Cantina

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26
Q

What is mean Imbottigliato all’origine regarding Italian wines?

A

Estate-bottled

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27
Q

How you say fully sparkling wine on Italian?

A

Spumante

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28
Q

How you say Vintage on Italian?

A

Vendemmia

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29
Q

How you say Vineyard on Italian?

A

Vigneto. “Vigna” refers to a single vineyard wine.

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30
Q

What is the most planted variety in Italy?

A

Sangiovese

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31
Q

Describe typical wines produced from Sangiovese?

A

Medium intensity ruby in colour, with red cherry, red plum and herbal notes, medium to full bodied, with high acidity and high tannins.

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32
Q

What grape varieties are used for production of Chianti DOCG?

A

70–100 per cent Sangiovese, local or international varieties could be used in blend though Cabernet Sauvignon and/or Cabernet Franc may not exceed 15 per cent. Ten percent of white grapes continues to be allowed (e.g. Trebbiano Toscano) but they are rarely used.

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33
Q

How long Chianti Riserva DOCG need to be aged before sale?

A

Two years before release, apart from the wines of certain subzones, no oak ageing is required. Chianti DOCG can be released for sale in March following the vintage

34
Q

What is the largest of the Chianti subzones?

A

Chianti Colli Senesi DOCG, it is also generally warmer than the others, producing fuller bodied and richer wines.

35
Q

What are requirements regarding allowed varieties for Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

Minimum 80 per cent Sangiovese, though in practice most wines are around 90 per cent Sangiovese with a wide choice of supplementary varieties, both local (e.g. Canaiolo) or international (especially Merlot). No white varieties are permitted in the blend.

36
Q

What are ageing requirements for Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

Chianti Classico can be released no sooner than October in the year after the harvest. Riserva must be aged for two years from 1 January after the harvest.

37
Q

What is Chianti Classico Gran Selezione?

A

The grapes must come from a single vineyard or an estate owned by the producer and be aged for a minimum of 30 months (no requirement to age in wood).

38
Q

What is the difference between Chianti DOCG and Chianti Classico DOCG regarding white grapes?

A

As of the 2006 vintage white grapes are no longer permitted in the Chianti Classico DOCG.

39
Q

In what year was first time Chianti zone delimited?

A

In 1716

40
Q

Name two varieties that can be added to add color and power to Sangiovese in Tuscany?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon and local Colorino.

41
Q

What grape was historically added to soften Sangiovese`s hard attack?

A

Canaiolo

42
Q

What Chianti subzone is together with Classico regarded as most consistent in quality?

A

Rufina, dominated by the Frescobaldi firm.

43
Q

What is Governo?

A

Traditional practice in Chianti, refermentation with the juice of dried grapes to strengthen the wine and initiate MLF.

44
Q

What are requirements for Chianti Superiore?

A

Lower vineyard yields and additional half-degree of alcohol.

45
Q

Taste of Brunello di Montalcino comparing to Chianti?

A

Brunello is stronger; with more alcohol; extract and tannin; than Chianti.

46
Q

What is the only variety allowed for production of Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

Sangiovese Grosso (Brunello).

47
Q

What varieties are used for production of Rosso di Montalcino DOC?

A

100% Sangiovese.

48
Q

What is the most powerful expression of Sangiovese in Tuscany?

A

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG

49
Q

What producer is credited with creation of Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

Biondi Santi Tenuta Greppo

50
Q

What are ageing requirements for Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?

A

It may not be released until 1 January five years after the harvest, and ageing must include two years in oak containers. For Riserva, six years including three in oak. Only appellation that requires that wine must be 100 per cent Sangiovese, no blending allowed.

51
Q

What are ageing requirements for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?

A

Minimum of two years from 1 January after the vintage, with a mandatory period of 12–24 months in wood. Riserva wines must be aged for three years (but no additional requirement for ageing in oak).

52
Q

What kind of wine is Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?

A

The wines tend to be less firm than Chianti and less aggressively tannic than Brunello; striking a softer balance.

53
Q

What varieties are used for production of Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?

A

Minimum 70% Sangiovese (Prugnolo Gentile clone) and; as of 2010; a maximum 30% other varieties of Tuscany; including no more than 5% of white varieties.

54
Q

What varieties are used for production of Rosso di Montepulciano DOC?

A

Minimum 70% Sangiovese (Prugnolo Gentile clone) and; as of 2010; a maximum 30% other varieties of Tuscany; including no more than 5% of white varieties.

55
Q

Name DOC that Montalcino producers can use for production of Super-Tuscan wines?

A

Sant’Antimo DOC. Both white and red are allowed.

56
Q

What grape varieties are allowed in Bolgheri DOC?

A

Up to 100 per cent of Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Merlot, up to 50 per cent of Syrah and Sangiovese and up to 30 per cent of other varieties (for example Petit Verdot). In practice, Cabernet Sauvignon dominates the blends.

57
Q

What grape varieties are allowed in Bolgheri Rosso Superiore?

A

Same options for varieties but more restricted yields than Bolgheri DOC. Rosso must be aged for one year, Rosso Superiore for two years following January 1 of the year after the harvest.

58
Q

What was first Super Tuscan wine?

A

1968 Sassicaia; a barrique aged Cabernet blend from Bolgheri.

59
Q

What is the only true monopole DOC in all of Italy?

A

Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC

60
Q

What are the varieties for Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC?

A

Min. 80% Cabernet Sauvignon; max. 20% other red grapes suitable for cultivation in Tuscany.

61
Q

What are ageing requirements for Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC?

A

Wine must be aged for a minimum 2 years from January 1 of the year following the harvest; including at least 18 months in 225 liter barriques.

62
Q

What is the only white wine in Tuscany to enjoy DOCG status?

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG

63
Q

What kind of wine is Vin Santo?

A

Amber coloured sweet wine made by the appassimento method most often using a blend of Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia). It is a style of wine prevalent throughout Tuscany and permitted within many denominations.

64
Q

Describe how Vin Santo taste?

A

The wines are sweet but with balancing high acidity and medium (+) to high alcohol. Amber colour, and a complex palate of dried fruit (apricot, lemon) flavours, nutty notes, as well as a variable level of volatile acidity.

65
Q

Name two most important red varieties in Marche?

A

Montepulciano and Sangiovese

66
Q

Name most important white variety in Marche?

A

Verdicchio

67
Q

Name two main denominations for Verdicchio in Marche region?

A

Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio DOC and Verdicchio di Matelica DOC

68
Q

Describe how taste wine produced from Verdicchio?

A

Pale lemon colour, medium (-) aromatic intensity with white flower, apple, lemon and fennel and almond notes with a slightly bitter finish, high acidity and a medium body.

69
Q

Describe how taste wine produced with short maceration from Montepulciano variety?

A

Ripe, medium intensity red-cherry fruited wines with no oak flavours with a medium body and medium tannins

70
Q

Describe how taste wine produced with long maceration from Montepulciano variety?

A

Pronounced intensity with medium (+) intensity red cherry and black plum fruit with oak aromas and medium (+) tannins. Long maceration of top quality fruit followed by ageing in oak, typically large oak vessels

71
Q

What are grape varieties for Rosso di Montefalco DOC?

A

Sangiovese is the main variety (60–70 per cent), with Sagrantino (10–15 per cent) and other permitted varieties. Minimum ageing is 18 months before release. Umbria

72
Q

What kind of wine is Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG?

A

Must be made from 100 per cent of the Sagrantino variety. The wine must be aged for 33 months before release, of which one year must be in wood. Umbria

73
Q

What are grape varieties for Frascati DOC?

A

Malvasia Bianca di Candia and/or Malvasia del Lazio, provided these two varieties singly or together make up at least 70 per cent of the wine. Further, the wine can include up to 30 per cent of Trebbiano Toscano, a neutral but high yielding variety. This results in wines that are cheaper to produce but with lower flavour intensity.

74
Q

What are principal white grapes in Latium (Lazio)?

A

Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia.

75
Q

What are principal red grapes in Latium (Lazio)?

A

Indigenous Cesanese. Red wines make up only 15% of the regions typical production.

76
Q

Name Lazio’s best known red wines on the international stage?

A

Falesco estate in Montefiascone near the Umbrian border; plush examples of Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon.

77
Q

Describe how taste wine typical Montepulciano d ’Abruzzo?

A

Deep ruby in colour, medium intensity red cherry and plum-fruited, medium (+) body and high tannins as well as inexpensive to mid-priced. At the mid-price level, wines will typically be aged in oak. Some of the DOCG wines are very good quality and premium priced.

78
Q

How is called rosato wine in Abruzzo?

A

Cerasuolo

79
Q

What is the name of classico zone of Montepulciano d`Abruzzo?

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG

80
Q

What grape varieties are used for Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG?

A

Minimum 90% Montepulciano; Maximum 10% Sangiovese

81
Q

What is Lambrusco?

A

Lambrusco is the name of the mainly red and tank-fermented, sparkling (spumante) or semi-sparkling (frizzante) wines made from the family of Lambrusco varieties mainly in Emilia-Romagna.

82
Q

Describe Lambrusco wine?

A

The red wines have strawberry fruit, medium to medium (+) tannins, high acidity and, usually, residual sugar. The colour of the wine ranges from pale pink to deep ruby.

0. Unisea 2023 (22 decks)

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