Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology (Dale Turley) > GERD and antacids > Flashcards

GERD and antacids Flashcards

1
Q

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD): What is Dyspepsia?

A

Chronic or reoccurring epigastric and reflux pain

Frequency heartburn symptoms classified as GERD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

GERD and PUD epidemiology?

A

Statistics difficult since large number of patients treated OTC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

GERD review of patho?

A

relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter…..

reflux into esophagus……

thus causing heartburn
or regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

GERD tx?

A

Lifestyle modification

Stepwise approach

Mild Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

GERD tx for mild disease?

A

Sleep head bed elevated 6-8 inches

Avoid lying down within 3 hours eating

No exercise within 3 hours after eating

No excessive squatting or bending within 3 hours after eating

lose weight - **sub C fat and pressure on the upper abdomen = organ pressure = LES easiest to open up*

stop overeating

stop smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

GERD tx for mild disease? diet?

A

Avoid foods acidic, spicy, excessive fat

Avoid chocolate, peppermint, citric acids

Avoid alcohol, coffee, tea

**Cubano Collate $1 Miami*

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Meds for GERD?

A 
Antacids
H2 antagonists
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI’s)
Cytoprotective Agents 
Prokinetic Agents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Antacids MOA?

A

Weak bases react with HCL to form salt/water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Antacids neutralize stomach acid by?

A

Increase in gastric pH above 4

The normal volum of the stomach fluid is 20 to 100 ml and pH is acidic ( 1.5-3.5)

numbers can be converted to actual acid production in units miles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Antacids inhibit the activity of ______?

A

pepsin

Lower esophageal sphincter tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Antacid has acid neutralizing capability (ANC)?

A

Expressed in mEq for dose purposes

At least 5 mEq per dose

More effective doses

Suspensions > powders / tablets

Ingested fasting – 20-40 minutes (gastric emptying)

After meals up to 3 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how many antacids are on the market?

A

150 over

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The way to express the ability of an antacid to neutralize acid is by determining the _______________?

A

antacid’s neutralizing capacity (ANC).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The ANC is expressed as ____________ of acid that is neutralized, and it measures the ability of the antacid to _________ acids (to a ph of 3.5 to 4 or greater).

A

milliequivalents (mEq)

neutralize

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Per FDA requirements, an antacid must have a neutralizing capacity of_________ per dose.

A

≥5 mEq

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The most effective antacids should have a high ______________________ and rapid gastric __________________.

A

acid neutralization capacity

and

acid neutralization qualities

17
Q

Antacids such as _____________ and _______________ have the greatest neutralizing capacity.

A

sodium bicarbonate

and

calcium carbonate

18
Q

Antacids are not used for long periods of time due to adverse events that are _____ term.

A

short

19
Q

An antacid’s onset of ______________ (how fast the drug dissolves in gastric acid) varies among different antacids.

A

neutralizing action

20
Q

____________ and ___________dissolve quickly and provide a rapid buffering effect, while _________________ and ________________dissolve slowly.

A

Sodium bicarbonate and magnesium hydroxide

aluminum hydroxide and calcium carbonate

21
Q

_________________ generally dissolve more easily than tablets or powders.

A

Antacid suspensions

22
Q

If a tablet antacid is used, however, it is advisable to ____________________ for maximal effectiveness.

A

chew the tablets thoroughly

23
Q

The difference in antacids is the _______?

A

duration of action

24
Q

___________ and _____________ have the shortest duration of neutralizing action

A

Sodium bicarbonate and magnesium hydroxide

25
Q

______________ and ___________have the longest duration of action.

A

Aluminum hydroxide and calcium carbonate

26
Q

Combination ____________________ have an intermediate duration of action.

A

aluminum magnesium antacids

27
Q

Conscientious prescribing of Antacids?

A

May cause dark tarry stools (excess calcium, carbonate, bismuth subsalicylate)

Chew followed by a glass of water

Excess means rebound excess

Max 2 weeks
Alum / calcium = constipation….fiber diet

Magnesium based may cause diarrhea

28
Q

Milk of Magnesia?

A

Magnesium Hydorxide

29
Q

Alu-tab - dissolvable tab?

A

Aluminum hydroxide

30
Q

Rolaids / Tums?

A

Calcium carbonate

31
Q

Maalox?

A

Aluminum hydroxide/Magnesium hydroxide

used in GI cocktails

32
Q

Mylanta, Maalox?

A

Combo Alum Hydroxide / Mag hydroxide / Simethicone

** Simethicone is anti foaming agent gas bubbles, does not control acid - reduces H ion gas - used a lot in neonatal unit cause kids get a lot of gastric air ( bloating gas)*

Pharmacology (Dale Turley) (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions