Exam 3 Flashcards
Azelastine (Astelin)
Nasal spray Antihistamine c & P histamine H1 receptors = MOA Preg: C >5y.0 PEDS mild, intermittent, sevre rhinitis
Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)
Nasal Spray Anticholinergic antagonizes acetylcholine receptors Preg: B Lac. Safe PEds >5y.o. used for thick boggy nasal membranes and rhinitis
Phenylephrine (NEO synephrine)
nasal spray
decongestant
stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors PRODUCING VASOCONSTRICTION (sympathomimetic)
Preg: C
Peds >6
used in nose bleeds and nasal / sinus stuffiness . dont use long term cause necrosis
Oxymetazoline (AFRIN)
Nasal spray decongestant
stimulates muscle alpha adrenergic receptors PRODUCING VASOCONSTRICTION
Preg: C
>6y.o.
decongestant for nasal sinus stuffiness, can elevate BP but no necrosis
Fluticansone (flonase, veramyst)
nasal spray
corticosteroid
inhibits inflammatory cytokines, and produces glucocorticoid, and mineralocorticoid effects
bile
Preg: C
allergic/non allergic rhinitis + nasal polyps size reduction
Mometasone (nasonex)
Nasal spray
corticosteroid
inhibits inflammatoru cytokines and the effects
bile
Preg: C
allergic and non allergic rhinitis and nasal polyp size reduction
Triamcinolone
nasal spray
corticosteroid
inhibits inflammatory cytokines and the two different effects
bile
Preg: C
allergic and non allergic rhinitis and reduction in the size of nasal polyps
Penicillin
Narrow spectrum
Pen V, Pen G
for streptococcal pharyngitis, rheumatic fever staph infections
Pen VK
pneumococcal infection prophylaxis watch for allergy and cephalosporin cross over LOWERS SIEZURE THERSHOLDS Preg: B cheap! BCP - diminishes OC effects
Bicillin LA
Penicillins
bacterialcidal
inhibits cell wall synthesis
DO NOT ADMINISTER IV , OR ADMINISTER W/ OTHER SOLUTIONS = CARDIORESPIRATORY ARREST
THIS ALSO LOWERS SIEZURE THERSHOLD
Used: strep, syphilis - especially if pregnant, rheumatic fever
Amoxicillin
500 & 875 dosages
Treat sinusitis, otitis and strep pharyngitis.
LIMITED USE WITH DENTAL ABSCESSES = IT IS USUALLY CLINDA OR PEN VK
peds: CAP, strep
diarrhea in peds GI effects
Augmentin (amox + clauv.)
penicillins, aminopenicillins
bacterialcidal, inhibits cell wall mucopeptide synthesis, and inhibits beta-lactamases
Tx: Sinusitis, dog/cat bites
Cephalosporins
low toxicity
broad specturm
no for MRSA or MRSE
cross over with PCN
1 gen ceph
cefazoline (ancef) - bactericidal, inhibits mucopeptide synthesis, used for human bite injuries
cephalexin
2 gen ceph
cefuroxime (ceftin) - Preg: B
bactericidal, inhibits mucopeptide synthesis - used in pharyngitis, impetigo, sinusitis, and bacterial pneumonia
