Geography - Natural Vegetaion Flashcards
What is Natural Vegetation?
The forest or plant species which grows by the help of climatic condition and soil (temperature, rainfall, humidity and soil) without the help of human
Which part of the country do we find virgin forests?
Virgin forests are only found in the remote parts of the Himalayas.
Name two centers of research in forest and forest products.
The Forest Research Institutes at Dehradun and Coimbatore.
How do forests act as a flood control measure?
Forests control floods as the roots of the trees hold the soil together and prevent it from being washed away. The forests control floods by retaining a large amount of rainwater in the subsoil.
Name the forests which grow on the windward slope of the Western Ghats. Why do such forests grow in this region?
Tropical Evergreen Forests grow on the windward slopes of the Western Ghats. These forests grow here as the rainfall is over 200 cm, temperature is over 24 C, and humidity is more than 70%.
Name the forests which are commercially important in India.
Tropical Deciduous or monsoon forests.
How do trees in the Tropical Desert forest adapt themselves to the dry climate?
Tropical Desert forests have long roots to obtain underground water. Some have thorns or spines to conserve water and protect them from wild animals.
Give two uses of the Babul tree.
The two uses of the Babul tree are for medicines and tanning.
What are Tidal Forests also known as?
Tidal Forests are also known as Mangrove or Littoral Forests.
Name the tree as per its characteristics: (a) The wood is hard and suitable for shipbuilding. (b) The roots are underwater during high tide.
(a) Teak (b) Mangroves
Mention any two uses of the following trees: (a) Deodar (b) Chir
(a) Railway sleepers, construction purposes (b) Resin, turpentine
Mention two factors responsible for deforestation.
Overgrazing by animals and cutting of trees for agriculture.
Why do we need to conserve forests?
To preserve ecological diversity, prevent air pollution, and protect wildlife habitats.
Name two movements that have shown the participation of the community in the conservation of forests.
Chipko Movement and Beej Bachao Andolan.
Mention four responsible factors for the type and distribution of forests.
Rainfall, soil, sunlight, temperature, and relief.
What is Afforestation?
The growing of trees where earlier there were no trees. It means plantation in any barren land.
What is Agro-forestry?
A system where trees are grown along with crops and livestock is reared to make the best use of available resources and reduce pressure on natural forests.
What is Deforestation?
The cutting and removal of trees or forests.
What is Lac?
The secretion of a tiny insect that deposits on trees. It is used in making handicrafts and sealing wax.
What is Re-afforestation?
The growing of trees to replace those which have been destroyed or cut.
What is Sunderbans?
Tidal forests in the delta of the Ganga-Brahmaputra. The important trees are Sundari and Hental, also known as mangrove swamps.
What is Snowline?
The line in the mountains above which no trees can grow, as those areas are too cold and windy.
What is Silviculture?
The science of cultivating trees.
What is Social Forestry?
A joint management program of the people and the government to satisfy the needs of the rural population.
What is Tanning?
The process of obtaining a natural dye from the Khair tree.
Why are forests a very important natural resource?
They provide an environment for wildlife, improve soil fertility, provide many products, and help in checking floods.
Give two differences between Flora and Fauna.
Flora refers to plant species of a particular region. Fauna refers to animal species of a particular region.
Give differences between Flora, Vegetation, and Forest.
Flora refers to plant species. Vegetation refers to the assemblage of plant species living in association. Forest refers to a large tract of land covered with trees and undergrowth.
Explain the co-relation of the forests with the environment.
Forests protect the environment by moderating climate, maintaining the purity of air, and controlling soil erosion.
Explain the needs of Forest Conservation.
Increasing the area under forests and afforestation around industrial units.
Explain three factors that have led to the decline in forests.
Decline in forest productivity, disturbed natural processes, and soil erosion.
Forest can reduce flood, give geographical reasons.
Forest cover checks soil erosion, reduces siltation in river beds, and increases the water holding capacity of rivers.
Explain the National Forest Policy.
The government policy adopted in 1952 and modified in 1988, emphasizing sustainable forest management.
Explain three objectives of NFP.
Maintenance of environmental stability, conserving natural heritage, and checking soil erosion.
What is Social Forestry? Give four objectives.
Management and protection of forests and afforestation on barren lands for environmental, social, and rural development. Objectives include providing fuel wood, fodder, and timber to rural people.
Give three features of Social Forestry.
Raising plantations by local people’s participation, providing efficient soil conservation, and ensuring quick benefits with short crop rotation.
What is Agro-Forestry? Give four objectives.
A system of managing land for combined production of agricultural crops and forest trees. Objectives include reducing pressure on natural forests, checking soil erosion, maintaining ecological balance, and making the best use of available resources.
Why is Agro-Forestry different from traditional Forestry?
It is created in accordance with socio-cultural practices, coordinates with local population, and helps to make the best use of available resources.
Explain different functions of Forest.
Productive, protective, regulatory, and accessory functions.
Which type of vegetation is found in regions where the rainfall is less than 70 cm?
Thorn and scrub vegetation.
Give two uses of the Babul tree.
Medicines and tanning.
What are Tidal forests also known as?
Mangrove or Littoral Forests.
Name the type of forest found along the deltas of rivers and influenced by tides.
Tidal Forests / Mangrove Forests.
Name two important forest trees found in Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta.
Gurjan and Hintal.
Name the trees as per its characteristics: (a) The wood is hard and suitable for shipbuilding. (b) The roots are underwater during high tide.
(a) Teak (b) Mangroves
At what height do we find the deciduous belt in mountain forests?
1000m to 2000m.
Where are Alpine forests found in India?
Above 3000m in mountains like Jammu and Kashmir and Arunachal Pradesh.
Mention any two factors responsible for deforestation.
Overgrazing by animals and cutting of trees for agriculture.
Why do we need to conserve forests?
For the preservation of ecological diversity and to provide shelter to wildlife.
Name two movements that have shown the participation of the community in the conservation of forests.
Chipko Movement and Beej Bachao Andolan.
What is Pneumatophores?
Roots of mangrove trees with pores that enable the trees to breathe.
What is Treeline?
The height above which it is too cold or windy for trees to grow.
