Chemistry Acid Base Salt

Question 1

Balance the equation: H + Cl → HCl

Answer 1

H₂ + Cl₂ → 2HCl

Question 2

Balance the equation: H + I → HI

Answer 2

H₂ + I₂ → 2HI

Question 3

Complete the equation: CO₂ + H₂O →

Answer 3

CO₂ + H₂O → H₂CO₃

Question 4

Complete the equation: SO₂ + H₂O →

Answer 4

SO₂ + H₂O → H₂SO₃

Question 5

Complete the equation: SO₃ + H₂O →

Answer 5

SO₃ + H₂O → H₂SO₄

Question 6

Balance the equation: Na + O₂ → Na₂O

Answer 6

4Na + O₂ → 2Na₂O

Question 7

Balance the equation: Mg + O₂ → MgO

Answer 7

2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO

Question 8

Complete the equation: K₂O + H₂O →

Answer 8

K₂O + H₂O → 2KOH

Question 9

Complete the equation: Na₂O + H₂O →

Answer 9

Na₂O + H₂O → 2NaOH

Question 10

Complete the equation: KNO₃ + H₂SO₄ (conc.) →

Answer 10

KNO₃ + H₂SO₄ (conc.) → KHSO₄ + HNO₃

Question 11

Complete the equation: NaCl + H₂SO₄ (conc.) →

Answer 11

NaCl + H₂SO₄ (conc.) → NaHSO₄ + HCl

Question 12

Complete the equation: S + HNO₃ (conc.) →

Answer 12

S + 6HNO₃ (conc.) → H₂SO₄ + 2H₂O + 6NO₂

Question 13

Complete the equation: AlCl₃ + 3NaOH →

Answer 13

AlCl₃ + 3NaOH → 3NaCl + Al(OH)₃↓ (white ppt.)

Question 14

Complete the equation: FeSO₄ + 2NaOH →

Answer 14

FeSO₄ + 2NaOH → Na₂SO₄ + Fe(OH)₂↓ (green ppt.)

Question 15

Complete the equation: Pb(NO₃)₂ →

Answer 15

2Pb(NO₃)₂ → 2PbO + 4NO₂ + O₂

Question 16

What happens when acids react with bases? Give a general equation.

Answer 16

Acids neutralize bases to form salt and water. BASE + ACID → SALT + WATER

Question 17

Complete the reaction: CuO + H₂SO₄ (dil.) →

Answer 17

CuO + H₂SO₄ (dil.) → CuSO₄ + H₂O

Question 18

Complete the reaction: NaOH + HCl →

Answer 18

NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O

Question 19

What happens when acids react with active metals (like Mg

Answer 19

Al

Question 20

Complete the reaction: Zn + 2HCl (dil.) →

Answer 20

Zn + 2HCl (dil.) → ZnCl₂ + H₂

Question 21

What general reaction occurs when a less volatile acid (Acid I) is heated with a salt (Salt I) of a more volatile acid (Acid II)?

Answer 21

A double displacement reaction occurs

Question 22

Complete the reaction (T < 200°C): NaCl + H₂SO₄ (conc.) →

Answer 22

NaCl + H₂SO₄ (conc.) → NaHSO₄ + HCl

Question 23

Complete the reaction (T < 200°C): NaNO₃ + H₂SO₄ (conc.) →

Answer 23

NaNO₃ + H₂SO₄ (conc.) → NaHSO₄ + HNO₃

Question 24

Complete the reaction: 2NaHCO₃ + H₂SO₄ (dil.) →

Answer 24

2NaHCO₃ + H₂SO₄ (dil.) → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O + 2CO₂

Question 25

Complete the reaction: Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl (dil.) →

Answer 25

Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl (dil.) → 2NaCl + H₂O + CO₂

Question 26

What happens when alkalis (bases) are heated with ammonium salts? Give a general equation.

Answer 26

Alkalis react with ammonium salts on heating to liberate ammonia gas. AMMONIUM SALT + BASE (I) → SALT (II) + BASE (II) (Ammonia)

Question 27

Complete the reaction: NH₄Cl + NaOH →

Answer 27

NH₄Cl + NaOH → NaCl + NH₃ + H₂O

Question 28

What happens when alkalis react with certain metallic salt solutions? Give a general description.

Answer 28

Alkalis react with certain metallic salt solutions to precipitate insoluble metal hydroxides.

Question 29

Complete the reaction: CuCl₂ + 2NaOH →

Answer 29

CuCl₂ + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Cu(OH)₂↓ (blue ppt.)

Question 30

Complete the reaction: FeCl₃ + 3NaOH →

Answer 30

FeCl₃ + 3NaOH → 3NaCl + Fe(OH)₃↓ (red-brown ppt.)

Question 31

Complete the reaction: ZnSO₄ + 2NaOH →

Answer 31

ZnSO₄ + 2NaOH → Na₂SO₄ + Zn(OH)₂↓ (white ppt.)

Question 32

How are binary salts synthesized?

Answer 32

By the direct combination (synthesis) of a metallic element with a non-metallic element.

Question 33

Write the equation for the synthesis of Iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃) and state its solubility.

Answer 33

2Fe + 3Cl₂ → 2FeCl₃ [soluble] (Direct Combination)

Question 34

Write the equation for the synthesis of Aluminium(III) chloride (AlCl₃) and state its solubility.

Answer 34

2Al + 3Cl₂ → 2AlCl₃ [soluble](Direct Combination)

Question 35

Write the equation for the synthesis of Iron(II) sulfide (FeS) and state its solubility.

Answer 35

Fe + S → FeS [insoluble](Direct Combination)

Question 36

Write the equation for the synthesis of Zinc sulfide (ZnS) and state its solubility.

Answer 36

Zn + S → ZnS [insoluble](Direct Combination)

Question 37

Write the equation for the synthesis of Lead(II) sulfide (PbS) and state its solubility.

Answer 37

Pb + S → PbS [insoluble] (Direct Combination)

Question 38

How are soluble salts of active metals synthesized?

Answer 38

By the reaction of an active metal with a dilute acid (displacement reaction).

Question 39

Give the general equation for the reaction of an active metal with a dilute acid.

Answer 39

Active Metal + Acid (dil.) → Soluble Salt + Hydrogen

Question 40

Write the equation for the reaction of Iron with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and name the salt formed.

Answer 40

Fe + H₂SO₄ (dil.) → FeSO₄ + H₂ (Iron(II) sulfate) (Displacement)

Question 41

Write the equation for the reaction of Iron with hydrochloric acid (HCl) and name the salt formed.

Answer 41

Fe + 2HCl (dil.) → FeCl₂ + H₂ (Iron(II) chloride)(Displacement)

Question 42

Write the equation for the reaction of Zinc with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and name the salt formed.

Answer 42

Zn + H₂SO₄ (dil.) → ZnSO₄ + H₂ (Zinc sulfate)(Displacement)

Question 43

Write the equation for the reaction of Magnesium with hydrochloric acid (HCl) and name the salt formed.

Answer 43

Mg + 2HCl (dil.) → MgCl₂ + H₂ (Magnesium chloride)(Displacement)

Question 44

What type of reaction is a precipitation (double decomposition) reaction?

Answer 44

A reaction where two soluble salts in solution react to form two new salts

Question 45

What is a precipitate?

Answer 45

An insoluble solid formed during a precipitation reaction.

Question 46

Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2NaCl → ? Name the products and indicate the precipitate.

Answer 46

Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2NaCl → 2NaNO₃ + PbCl₂↓ (Lead(II) chloride is the precipitate)(Double Decomposition)

Question 47

CaCl₂ + Na₂CO₃ → ? Name the products and indicate the precipitate.

Answer 47

CaCl₂ + Na₂CO₃ → 2NaCl + CaCO₃↓ (Calcium carbonate is the precipitate)(Double Decomposition)

Question 48

ZnSO₄ + (NH₄)₂CO₃ → ? Name the products and indicate the precipitate.

Answer 48

ZnSO₄ + (NH₄)₂CO₃ → (NH₄)₂SO₄ + ZnCO₃↓ (Zinc carbonate is the precipitate)(Double Decomposition)

Question 49

Zn(NO₃)₂ + Na₂CO₃ → ? Name the products and indicate the precipitate.

Answer 49

Zn(NO₃)₂ + Na₂CO₃ → 2NaNO3 (Double Decomposition)