GEOGRAPHY development, Types of aid, Globalisation Flashcards
What is meant by development?
Occurs when a country makes sustained improvements to its overall quality of life.
What is meant by globalisation?
A process by which the world becomes more connected. Money, people, products and ideas travel around the world with increasing speed and ease.
What are causes of globalisation?
Deregulation, Telecommunications, Outsorcing, Transport, Peace and Security.
Which organisation provides FDI (foreign direct investment) for LIC’s?
TNC’s (Transnational coorporations). For example, Nike buying fabric/ cotton shirts from LIC’s.
What is import?
Goods and trade entering one country after being sent by another.
What is meant by a top-down project?
Large-scale development projects occuring through the actions of governments and TNC’s. For example, a dam.
What is meant by a bottom-up project?
A small scale project that helps the community and can improve health, education and water supplies at a local level. For example, a water well being built in the centre of a small commmunity.
What are some of the causes of inequality between countries?
Being landlocked, climate change, pollution, terms of trade, colonisation and relations around the globe.
What are demographics?
The study of the size and nature of the population.
What is meant by a development indicator?
A number or statistic that geographers use to measure how developed a country is.
What are examples of some development indicators used to measure the development of a country?
Life expectancy, literacy rates, poverty line %, GDP, Access to safe drinking water, IMR, Corruption perceptions index, Human development index, doctors per 1000 people.
What are the three types of development?
Economic, Social, Political
What are some types of inequality?
Physical, Economic, Historical and environmental, geographical, social.
What are some causes of the development gap?
Debt, Migration, Conflict and Extreme poverty.
What are the two types of inequality multipliers?
Wealth and poverty multipliers.
What did Rostow’s model represent?
How a country’s development should increase over time.
What is meant by ‘aid’?
A form of help given from one country to another, one person to another or from an NGO to a country in need of help.
What are some types of aid?
Bilateral - given directly from one country to another, Mutilateral - given to international organisation and then shared out between countries in need,
Relief - Saves lives immediately after a natural disaster or war, Foreign - Money goods or services that are gifted to a developing country,
Tied aid - When a country gives aid to another country but there is often an expectation of a favour back.
What percentage of the Indian population lives in poverty?
15%
What are the percentages of the Indian population works in primary, secondary and tertiary industries today?
Primary - 42%
Secondary - 24%
Tertiary - 34%
What are the percentages of the Indian population works in primary, secondary and tertiary industries in 1990?
Primary - 85%
Secondary - 10%
Tertiary - 5%
What does GDP measure?
The health of a country’s economy, the total value of the goods and services produced in a country during a specific period of time.
