BIOLOGY, Photosynthesis, Transpiration, Structure of plants Flashcards
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide + Water = Glucose + Oxygen
light
What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?
602 + 6H20 = C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is xylem?
The tissue inside a plant that transports water and mineral ions.
What are some factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Light intensity
Temperature
CO2 concentration
Wavelength (color) of the light.
When the temperature rises, why does the rate of photosynthesis on a plant decrease from around 40 degrees?
The enzymes needed for photosynthesis become denatured.
What is the equation for the inverse square law?
1/ distance squared
What is the equation for the rate of photosynthesis?
Volume of oxygen produced (cm cubed)/Time (s)
What is osmosis?
The movement of water particles from a high concentration to a low concentration through a partially permeable membrane.
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a low concentration.
What are some of the roles of guards cells?
Controls the opening and closing of the stomata,
Changes shape to open and close the pore,
They swell and curve when the plant absorbs water and they shrink and straighten when they lose water,
What is phloem?
Phloem is the living tissue in vascular plants that transports the soluble organic compounds made during photosynthesis such as photosynthates and sugar sucrose, to the rest of the plant.
What is translocation?
Translocation is the movement of sugar (such as sucrose), produced during photosynthesis, to other areas of the plant.
What is the transpiration stream?
The uninterrupted stream of water and solutes which is taken up by the roots and transported via the xylem to the leaves where it evaporates into the air.
What is active transport?
The process of transferring substances into, out of, and between cells, using energy against their concentration gradient.
What is transpiration?
When plants continually lose water, especially at the leaves.
What are some factors that affect the rate of transpiration?
Light
Humidity
Temperature
Air movement
What is an adaption of root hair cells?
They have tiny hairs that poke into the soil, this increases the surface area for the root hair cell so it can absorb more water and minerals.
How are palisade cells well adapted for photosynthesis?
They have lots of chloroplasts and they are positioned towards the top of the leaf to receive the maximum amount of sunlight.
What do xylem cells do and where are they placed?
They run inside stems of the plant from their roots to their leaves.
They have thick cell walls to provide support for the plant.
They are made of dead cells.
No pores in their end walls and xylem cells contain lignin.
Do not contain cytoplasm and these cells are tubular.
Involved in transpiration and are transported unidirectionally.
What do Phloem cells do and where are they placed?
Made from living cells.
Next to the phloem cells are companion cells which have lots of mitochondria, respiration occurs to release energy from glucose to transport substances.
Contains cytoplasm and doesn’t contain lignin.
These cells have pores in their end walls and they are tubular.
Involved in translocation and transports sugars bidirectionally.
How do plants use glucose made?
To make fat/oil.
To make amino acids/proteins/enzymes.
To make cellulose/cell walls.
For active transports.
To make starch.
To supply the plant with energy.
