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year 10 mock exam revision > geography component 1 Development dynamics > Flashcards

geography component 1 Development dynamics Flashcards

1
Q

what is GDP?

A

Gross domestic product

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2
Q

what does GDP measure?

A

the value of goods and services produced by a country each year ( how much money a country makes every year )

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3
Q

what is the poverty line?

A

the minimum icome required to meet someones basic needs - $1.25 a day

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4
Q

what does HDI ( human developmetn index ) measure ?

A

life expectancy , literacy rate , literacy rate and GDP per capita

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5
Q

what does access to safe drinking water measure ?

A

the percentage of the populationj that has access to safe drinking water within 1km

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6
Q

what does literacy rate measure ?

A

the percentage of the population aged over 15 who can read and write

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7
Q

what is level of developemt?

A

a countries wealth and its social and political progress

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8
Q

whats the definition of birth rate?

A

the number of live births per 1000 people per year

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9
Q

what is the definition of deathy rate?

A

the number of deaths per 1000 people per year

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10
Q

what is the definition of fertility rate ?

A

the average number of births per woman

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11
Q

whats the definition of infant mortality?

A

the number of children per 1000 who die before they are one

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12
Q

what is the definition of life expectancy ?

A

the average number of years a person can expect to live

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13
Q

what is the definition of maternal mortality ?

A

the number of mothers per 100,000 who die in childbirth

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14
Q

what does the Brandt line show?

A

the line that separates the rich in the north and the poor in the south

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15
Q

what is the first stage of the modernisation theory?

A

The traditional society

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16
Q

what is the traditional society?

A

most people work in agriculture as substinence farmers

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17
Q

whats the second stage of the modernisation theory?

A

pre conditions for take off

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18
Q

what is pre conditions for take off ?

A

theres a shift from agriculture to manufacturing and trade with other countries increases

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19
Q

what is the third stage of the modernisation theory?

A

take off

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20
Q

what is take off ?

A

manufacturing grows rapidly from investment in infrastructure and new technologies

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21
Q

what is the fourth stage of the modernisation theory?

A

drive to maturity

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22
Q

what is drive to maturity?

A

heavy industry is replaced by new industries that produce consumer goods

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23
Q

whats the fifth stage of the modernisation theory?

A

high mass consumption

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24
Q

what is high mass consumption?

A

a period of comfort and consumers enjoy a wide range of goods

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25
Q

what does colonialism mean?

A

direct political control of one country by another

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26
Q

where is india?

A

its surrounded by the indian ocean in south Asia.

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27
Q

what type of landscapes does india have?

A

its a peninsula coast and has mountains in the north ( the Himalayas)

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28
Q

what is the caste system in India?

A

its a class system and was introduced when the UK invaded India

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29
Q

why is India in dispute with Pakistan ?

A

Fighting over Cashmere - where Cashmere comes from

30
Q

What is the population of India and what is its structure like?

A

pop= 1.28 billion and has a young population with the majority of people being below 30

31
Q

what is the Indian Diaspora?

A

the genetic term to describe people who migrated from within the borders of the Republic of India. An area that contains lots of different ethnic groups

32
Q

how did the british empire influence india?

A

their culture became very english ( our language and legal system ). also indian practices were discouraged

33
Q

why are countries concerned with indias dispute with Pakistan?

A

Both countries declare nuclear power

34
Q

why is Indias diaspora important to Indias economy?

A

different ethnic groups bring lots of skills and money to India

35
Q

what was the GDP of India in 1990 compared to 2014?

A

1150 to 5800

36
Q

what has unemployment rate went from in india from 1990 to 2014?

A

20% to 8.6%

37
Q

what did economic liberalisation involve for India?

A

companies now decide where to locate and what to sell whereas before 1991 the government used to decide this

38
Q

how has economic liberalisation helped india develop?

A

there is a reduction in tax and big TNC’s can buy more primary products

39
Q

what did investment in education involve for India?

A

education is free and compulsory from ages 6-14.

40
Q

how has investment in education helped india develop?

A

more people are educated and can get well paid jobs

41
Q

how has investment in transport and communication tecnhnology helped india develop?

A

its easieer to travel and communicate to different countries around the world

42
Q

how do men benefit more than women in the education system in India?

A

some schools and families can only afford to send one child and they send boys. also men get paid more

43
Q

how have young people benefitted more than old people in indias development?

A

young people can experience the bettered education and old people cannot

44
Q

how do people in urban areas benefit more than rural areas in Indias development?

A

where the population is largest (urban areas) is where services and TNC’s develop

45
Q

what is the source of the River Ganges?

A

a glacier in the Himalayas

46
Q

What do Hindus call the River Ganges ?

A

Mother Ganges

47
Q

why is the river ganges sacred?

A

it looks after people / takes away sins

48
Q

what is the main industry in Kanpur?

A

leather industry

49
Q

what chemical is used in the leather industry?

A

chromium

50
Q

why are leather tanneries a concern for people and the environment?

A

there is a treatment plant but it cant cope with the large amount of water therefore lots goes untreated

51
Q

why is the river Ganges important to farmers in northern india?

A

its used for irrigation systems

52
Q

how much water are farmers allowed to use?

A

there is no limit of how much water farmers use

53
Q

why is farming a threat to the Ganges?

A

farmers are taking too much water and the Ganges is getting smaller.

54
Q

why is Varanasi such in important city in India?

A

its the holiest city in Hinduism?

55
Q

how many people are cremated in Varanasi each year?

A

32,000 of half burned flesh

56
Q

sewage from 450 million people enters the Ganges each year. how much of it goes in treated ?

A

20%

57
Q

what caste in India is seen as untouchable from birth?

A

the Dalits

58
Q

what arent the dalits offered?

A

hood jobs, education experience major discrimination

59
Q

what have vehicle sales in india gone up by last year?

A

7.2%

60
Q

what does more vehicles on the road mean?

A

larger pollution

61
Q

how many premature deaths are caused by air pollution?

A

586,788

62
Q

how many cities of the worlds 20 most polluted cities does india have?

A

13

63
Q

what percentage of indias energy is from burning fossil fuels?

A

75%

64
Q

what does Kuznets curve show?

A

the more pollution there is the more money is made due tothe shift from agriculture to industry

65
Q

what continents are desperate to trade with india the “Superpower”?

A

the eu and USA

66
Q

indias economy is what in the world?

A

the second largest in the world

67
Q

indi is in G20, what is that?

A

G20 is the worlds most top 20 powerful countries

68
Q

india is one of the BRICS,who is in the BRICS?

A

brazil, Russia, India China

69
Q

what have BRICS developed?

A

new development bank which gives other emerging countries oppurtunities to borrow money for development improvement

70
Q

what is top down development?

A

when the government gives the same solution to everyone. its often expensive

71
Q

what is bottom up developmetn?

A

the government tries to give everyone individual solutions. it takes a long time and is often ran by NGO’s or charities

year 10 mock exam revision (26 decks)

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