Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Emergencies I > Genitourinary > Flashcards

Genitourinary Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

System responsible for the removal of metabolic waste products from the blood, the removal of concentrated urine, and the conservation of water.

A

Urinary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Organs of the urinary system.

A

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where are the kidneys located?

A

Posterior abdominal wall behind the peritoneum. (Retroperitoneal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Basic functional unit of the kidney.

A

Nephron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Results of the damage to the nephron.

A

Kidney disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Refers to disease or damage within the kidney.

A

Intrarenal disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Refers to disease that blocks the system that collects urine.

A

Postrenal disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Clinical syndrome that results from a sudden, significant decrease in filtration through the glomeruli.

A

Acute kidney injury (AKI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pts with AKI that secrete less than 500 ml/d.

A

Oliguric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pts with AKI that secrete more than 500 ml/d.

A

Nonoliguric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Decrease of urine output frequency.

A

Oliguria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Complete stop of urine output.

A

Anuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood.

A

Uremia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chemical waste molecule generated by muscle metabolism.

A

Creatinine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Death of tubular cells.

A

Acute tubular necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Progressive, irreversible, chronic systemic disease that occurs over months to years as internal structures of the kidneys are slowly damaged.

A

Chronic kidney disease (CKD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Retention of excessive amounts of nitrogenous compounds in the blood.

A

Azotemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Technique used to normalize blood chemistry and remove excess fluid in patients with acute or CRF.

A

Dialysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Dialyzing fluid

A

Dialysate

20
Q

Dialysis in which blood is pumped through a surgically constructed fistula or a graft between a patients artery and vein.

A

Hemodialysis

21
Q

Dialysis in which the dialysis membrane is the patient’s own peritoneum.

A

Peritoneal dialysis

22
Q

Major complication of peritoneal dialysis.

A

Peritonitis

23
Q

A rare but potential complication of an internal shunt. A dilation resembling an aneurysm that occurs at the site of the graft.

A

Pseudoaneurysm

24
Q

Pt’s undergoing dialysis are at a high risk for what?

A

Hemorrhage

25
Q

Refers to a group of neurologic findings that sometimes occur during or immediately after dialysis.

A

Disequilibrium syndrome

26
Q

Caused by the inability to urinate.

A

Urinary retention

27
Q

Excessive urination at night.

A

Nocturia

28
Q

Emptying of the urine from the bladder often without the need to urinate.

A

Overflow incontinence

29
Q

Infection of the urinary tract. Most commonly caused by enteric flora (E. Coli) enter the opening of the urethra and colonize the urinary tract. Second most common infection diagnosed in the acute hospital setting.

A

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

30
Q

Difficulty urinating

A

Dysuria

31
Q

Inflammation of the kidney parenchyma. (Upper UTI)

A

Pyelonephritis

32
Q

Speed and pain of onset of pyelonephritis.

A

Abrupt back pain or muscle strain

33
Q

Pathological concretions that originate in the renal pelvis.

A

Urinary calculi (kidney stones)

34
Q

What type of kidney stone accounts for 85% of them?

A

Calcium stones

35
Q

Pain origination and radiation of kidney stones.

A

Flank and radiates to lower abdominal quadrant, groin, and testes (men).

36
Q

Inflammation of the epididymus.

A

Epididymitis

37
Q

Inflammation and swelling of both testes.

A

Orchitis

38
Q

Bacterial infection of the skin that affects the genitals and perineum in both men and women.

A

Fournier gangrene

39
Q

Tightness of the prepuce of the penis.

A

Phimosis

40
Q

Inability to pull the retracted prepuce back over the head of the penis.

A

Paraphimosis

41
Q

Persistent, painful erection that lasts over 4 hours that is not caused by sexual stimulation.

A

Priapism

42
Q

Enlargement of the prostate gland.

A

Benign prostate hypertrophy

43
Q

Enlargement or growth on one or both testicles. Most are benign but some are malignant.

A

Testicular mass

44
Q

Fluid filled sac along the spermatic cord in the scrotum.

A

Hydrocele

45
Q

Benign cystic accumulation of sperm that arrises from the head of the epididymis.

A

Spermatocele

46
Q

Enlargement of the veins that drain the testicles.

A

Varicocele

47
Q

True urologic emergency that occurs when a testicle, usually the left, twists on its spermatic cord which disrupts the blood supply of the testicle. Usually associated with nausea and vomiting.

A

Testicular torsion

Medical Emergencies I (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions