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Next Generation Exam 2 > Genital Tract Infections 2 > Flashcards

Genital Tract Infections 2 Flashcards

1
Q

brucella canis would cause __ of the scrotum and the diagnostic test of choice is a __ culture

A

inflammation, blood/semen

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2
Q

Brucella is a major pathogen of economic significance but most are not found in the US. which species is most often encountered in the US?

A

brucella canis

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3
Q

all strains of brucella are ZOONOTIC except for __

A

B. ovis (sheep host)

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4
Q

brucella are gram __rods , __ and oxidase __

A

negative rods, strict aerobes, positive

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5
Q

carrier animals of brucella have the organism as __ organisms within macrophages and repro tract cells and are typically shed by newly infected animals in __ secretions

A

facultative intracellular organisms, repro tract secretions

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6
Q

brucella is transmitted by __ contact by route of what 4 things?

A

direct

  1. ingestions (milk/genitalia)
  2. exposure of mucosal surfaces
  3. venereal (males intermitent shed)
  4. congenital
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7
Q

brucella proliferates best in cells with high levels of __ and then spread to the fetus causing __

A

erythritol, abortion

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8
Q

brucella can shed for up to __ weeks post abortion and may persist inside __ in repro tract, udders and other tissues

A

6, macrophages

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9
Q

all brucella species are a major cause of __ and __

A

abortion and infertility

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10
Q

brucella abortus

A
  1. bovine abortion in cows (usually > 5mths in 1st pregnancy, thickened placenta and necrotic cotyledons)
  2. epididymitis and orchitis in bulls
  3. fistulous withers and poll evil in horses
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11
Q

brucella canis

A
  1. canine abortion (>50 days) and infertility in bitches and sick pups
  2. epididymitis, sperm abnormalities and infertility in dogs
  3. systemic dissemination in dogs (prostatitis, meningoencephalitis, discospondylitis, anterior uveitis, osteomyelitis, glomerulonephritis)
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12
Q

brucella suis

A

mostly feral pig populations but has a broader host range

  1. abortion in sows
  2. orchitis and epididymitis in boars
  3. disseminated infections occur more commonly than in B. abortus
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13
Q

brucella ovis

A
  1. mostly causes epididymitis in older rams
  2. abortion in ewes (rare/late term)
  3. decreased flock fertility rates
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14
Q

brucella melitensis

A

GOATS
1. abortion (late)
2. epididymitis/orchitis
3. mastitis

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15
Q

what is the most severe of the brucella infections?

A

brucella melitensis -> goat cheese is a problem mostly in mexico

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16
Q

diagnosis of brucella

A
  1. blood test is best but you can sample parts of the repro tract or fetus-> tell lab its zoonotic
  2. semen evaluation for B canis
  3. testicular/epididymal palpation for B ovis
  4. PCR (not widely available)
17
Q

T/F: B canis is a reportable disease

A

F but the other brucellas are

18
Q

brucella tx for ruminants and pigs

A

slaughter

19
Q

brucella tx for dogs

A
  1. combo therapy with multiple courses of high dose antibiotics
  2. castrate
  3. never presume they’re cured
  4. no tx regime is 100% effective in all patients
20
Q

campylobacter causes __ and __

A

diarrhea and abortion

21
Q

C. jejuni affects what species?

A

humans, dogs, cats, calves, primates , sheep, goats

22
Q

C. fetus ssp. venerealis affects what species?

A

cattle

23
Q

C. fetus ssp. fetus affects what species?

A

sheep, goats, cattle

24
Q

campylobacter are transmitted through __ (jejuni and fetus ssp) or __ (fetus ssp. venerealis)

A

ingestion, venereal

25
Q

ingestion of campylobacter may invade the GIT and cause __ with subsequent localization in the __

A

septicemia, repro tract

26
Q

C. fetus ssp. venerealis

A

carried in the male repro tract asymptomatically and transmitted during breeding to the female where it causes an ascending infection that leads to infertility, early embryonic death, and occasionally abortion

27
Q

c. fetus ssp. fetus

A

abortion in sheep

lives in GIT and transmission is via ingestion with invasion into the bloodstream and localization in the repro tract -> placentitis

28
Q

listeria is mostly in __ and has a __ and ___ form

A

visceral and neurologic form

29
Q

listeria monocytogenes

A

neonatal septicemia
liver milk spots

placentitis and contamination of amniotic fluid causing fetal infection and late term abortion in ruminants

30
Q

venereally transmitted horse diseases

A
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Taylorella equigenitalis (Contagious Equine Metritis; CEM; foreign to US)
31
Q

venereally diseases of cattle

A

Campylobacter fetus ssp. venerealis, Leptospira serovars, Mycoplasma
bovigenitalum, Ureaplasma diversu

32
Q

venereally diseases of sheep, pigs, dogs

A

brucella ovis, B. suis, B. canis

Next Generation Exam 2 (20 decks)

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