Disturbances of Reproduction - LA Prepartum Flashcards
causes of anestrus
- pregnancy
- ovarian cysts
- pyometra
- mummified fetus
- neoplasia
- developmental abnormalities (freemartin)
- negative energy balance
- lactational anestrus
cystic ovarian disease is an ovulation failure leaving the animal in ___ that occurs in __% of animals
persistent anestrus, 10-20%
cystic ovarian disease has a lack of __ which causes a __ energy balance
LH, Negative
tx for cystic ovarian disease
GnRH, PGF2, progesterone (CIDR)
small ruminants with follicular cysts
can try to lutenize with GnRH and then PGF 10 days later or possibly CIDR + PGF
t/f: swine are culled for follicular cysts
T, there is no tx for follicular cysts in swine
PG00 is __ + ___
eCG (FSH)
hCG (helps cause ovulation)
at what age might you see estrus in a pregnant cow?
5 months
its considered normal unless bred AI then may abort pregnancy
what problems are associated with twin calves?
retained placenta
metritis
increased abortion
less viable calf
freemartins
in cases of embryonic death, prior to day 16 the cow will have a __ cycle length while after day 16 the cow will have an __ cycle length
normal, abnormal
abortion goal is <___% for cows
5
fetal mummification is most often after __ months, has a retained __, is associated with BVD or neoplasia and is treated with __
5-6 months, CL, PGF2alpha
hydrops is accumulation of __ that leads to abdominal __
fluid(20-50 gal), distension
hydrops allantois is a __ abnormality that occurs __ from a Na pump dysfunction and has a __ prognosis for both cow and fetus
placental, rapidly, poor
hydrops amnii is a __ abnormality especially of the head that occurs __ because the fetus can’t control the amniotic fluid and has a __ prognosis for the cow
fetal, slowly, good
hydrops __ is more common than hydrops __
allantois, amnii
vaginal prolapse is hereditary and common in __ with __ probably and culling is recommended
herefords, recurrence
causative factors of vaginal prolapse cows
- inherited predisposition
- poor perineal conformation
- increased estrogen level leads to relaxation of pelvic ligaments
- increased abdominal pressure
- increased irritation due to drying and frost bite
- straining occurs
differential vaginal prolapse cows
tumor, hematoma, prolapsed bladder
tx for vaginal prolapse cows
caudal epidural anesthesia - 1ml of 2% lidocaine/200 lb BW (5cc for most)
- clean the prolapsed tissue
- lift vagina to relieve urine
- replace the vagina
- retention sutures
- antibiotics and anti inflammatory drugs
what is needed to place retention sutures?
buhner needle + tape
undo when you’re ready to calf
pregnancy toxemia is a __ disease where the fetuses trap __ from the thin/fat dam and is treated with __ or __
twin lamb, glucose, c-section, supportive care
vaginal prolapse is more common in __ than __ and has a higher incidence on __ forage and late gestation
sheep than goats, estrogenic,
vaginal prolapse in sheep and goats should be replaced until __ then __. Treatment includes cleaning, an __, antibiotics, anti inflammatories, analgesics, retaining sutures or harness.
parturition, culled, epidural
