Genetics Unit Vocab

Question 1

Genotype

Answer 1

The genetic makeup of a specific set of genes
(Usually letters)

Question 2

Phenotype

Answer 2

The physical characteristics or traits of an individual organism
(Usually words)

Question 3

Homozygous (purebred)

Answer 3

Two of the same alleles at a specific locus
Alleles are identical

Question 4

Heterozygous (hybrid)

Answer 4

Two different alleles at a specific locus
Allele are different

Question 5

Dominant

Answer 5

The allele expressed when two different alleles or two dominant alleles are present

Question 6

Recessive

Answer 6

The allele that is expressed only when two copies are present

Question 7

Trait

Answer 7

A distinguishing characteristic that is inherited such as color, shape, and length

Question 8

Gene

Answer 8

A small section of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait

Question 9

Allele

Answer 9

Any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a specific locus

Question 10

Genetics

Answer 10

The study of heredity/ biological inheritance patterns + variation in organisms

Question 11

Genome

Answer 11

All of an organisms genetic material

Question 12

Heredity

Answer 12

Passing of traits from parents to offspring

Question 13

Purebred

Answer 13

An organism that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent

Question 14

Hybrid

Answer 14

An organism with two different alleles for a trait

Question 15

Carrier

Answer 15

Expressed dominant trait, can pass a genetic disorder to offspring (only females)