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MTAP 2 IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY > GENETICS PRINCIPLE > Flashcards

GENETICS PRINCIPLE Flashcards

1
Q

Study of inheritance or the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring

A

GENETICS

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2
Q

A group of related red cell antigens which is similar in terms of biochemical structure, location in RBC, serologic properties and genetic control of antigen expression

A

BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS

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3
Q

How many blood group system are now present in Immunohematology?

A

45 Blood Group System

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4
Q

Basic unit of inheritance

A

GENES

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5
Q

Linear structure within the nucleus that contains DNA

A

CHROMOSOMES

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6
Q

What are the 2 types of Chromosomes?

A

Somatic/Autosome- 22 pairs 44 chromosomes
Sex Chromosomes- 1 pair, XX and XY, 23 pairs 46 chromosomes

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7
Q

Father of Genetics

A

Gregor Mendel

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8
Q

Actual set of genes inherited from parents/actual genetic makeup of an individual

A

GENOTYPE

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9
Q

Physical or observable expressionof inherited genes

A

PHENOTYPE

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10
Q

it is used to calculate the frequency of the resulting genotypes and phenotypes among the offspring of the cross

A

PUNETT SQUARE

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11
Q

One or two more genes that express a given trait

A

ALLELES

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12
Q

Location of gene of Alleles

A

Locus

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13
Q

Term used to refer to the opposite gene

A

ANTITHETICAL

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14
Q

Genetic system that expresses multiple products
ex. MHC Genes

A

POLYMORPHIC GENE

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15
Q

Gene whose product is always expressed

A

DOMINANT GENE

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16
Q

Gene whose product is always expressed when inherited in a homozygous way

A

RECESSIVE GENE

17
Q

Genes whose products are BOTH expressed

A

CODOMINANT GENES

18
Q

Both genes for a given trait are the same

A

HOMOZYGOUS GENES

19
Q

Genes for a given trait are different

A

HETEROZYGOUS GENES

20
Q

Dosage effect which produces antigens that are expressed by homozygous genes

A

STRONGER AGGLUTINATION

21
Q

Dosage effect which produces antigens that are expressed by heterozygous genes

A

WEAKER REACTIONS
ex. KIDD, DUFFY, RH, MNSs Blood Group System

22
Q

It is used to refer when 2 Genes are on the same side of the Chromosome

A

CIS

23
Q

It is used to refer when 2 Genes are on the different side of the Chromosome

A

TRANS

24
Q

2 Genes in the Chromosome are very close to each other

A

LINKED GENES

25
Q

Linked set of Genes that are inherited and expressed together

A

HAPLOTYPE

26
Q

Product of the gene will always be expressed

A

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT

27
Q

Product of the gene will only expressed if homozygous

A

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE

28
Q

Father to daughter transmission of trait

A

SEX-LINKED DOMINANT

29
Q

Mother to son transmission of trait

A

SEX-LINKED RECESSIVE

30
Q

Equal expression of inherited alleles/genes

A

CODOMINANT

31
Q

All the members of a family that carry the allele show the physical characteristic.

A

Autosomal Dominant Inheritance

32
Q

A recessive trait that is carried by either parent or both parents but is not generally seen at the phenotypic level unless both parents carry the trait

A

Autosomal Recessive inheritance

33
Q

If the father carries the trait on his X chromosome, he has no sons with the trait, but all his daughters will have the trait.

Women can be either homozygous or heterozygous for an X- linked trait.

A

X-linked Dominant Inheritance

34
Q

The father always expresses the trait but never passes it on to his sons.
• The father always passes the trait to all his daughters, who are then carriers of the
trait.
• With an X-linked recessive trait, a disease-carrying gene can be passed from generation to generation with many individuals not affected.

A

X-linked Recessive Inheritance

35
Q

The father always expresses the trait but never passes it on to his sons.
• The father always passes the trait to all his daughters, who are then carriers of the
trait.
• With an X-linked recessive trait, a disease-carrying gene can be passed from generation to generation with many individuals not affected.

A

X-linked Recessive Inheritance

36
Q

Phenotypesthatlacktheexpressionoftheredcell antigens of a particular blood group systems.

A

NULL PHENOTYPES

37
Q

Gene that expresses no product

A

Silent/Amorphic gene

38
Q

Gene that inhibits the expression of another gene

A

Regulator/Suppressor gene

MTAP 2 IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY (6 decks)

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