Genetics - Crosses

Question 1

Who was Gregor Mendel?

Answer 1

A monk, considered the father of genetics because of his experimentation with crossing genetics

Question 2

What are traits?

Answer 2

Particular version of a characteristic that is inherited

Question 3

What is heredity?

Answer 3

The passing down of traits through generations

Question 4

What is genetics?

Answer 4

The scientific study of heredity

Question 5

What are the 6 steps of the scientific method?

Answer 5

Observe, hypothesize, experiment, collect data, analysis, conclusions

Question 6

What experiment did Mendel do?

Answer 6

Mendel crossed pure breeds of plants to study what the offspring of those plants would be genetically. He discovered the first generation the dominant trait would win out completely then he discovered in the F2 generation that there would roughly be a ratio of 3 to 1 meaning for every three dominant traits there would be one recessive trait

Question 7

What is mendels law of segregation?

Answer 7

One, for each characteristic, an organism carries two genes, one from each parent
Two, parent organisms donate one copy of each gene

Question 8

What are mono hybrid and what are mono hybrid crosses

Answer 8

Mono hybrids are the offspring of two true breeding plants and crosses are used to compare with the offspring would look like when you compare only one trait

Question 9

What are dihybrid crosses

Answer 9

They compare two different traits

Question 10

How do you reach a phenotype ratio

Answer 10

The first part of the ratio will be how many organisms display the physical dominant trait for example how many flowers are purple to how many flowers are white

Question 11

How do you find a genotype ratio

Answer 11

The ratio will be three parts, the first number will display how many organisms are homozygous dominant, the second will be how many are heterozygous dominant, and the third will be how many are homozygous recessive

Question 12

What is incomplete dominance?

Answer 12

The colors blend together to form a third color, for example a red flower and a white flower make a pink flower (CrCr + CwCw = CrCw)

Question 13

How to do incomplete dominant ratios

Answer 13

The ratio would be three parts, one solid color to the mixed color to another solid color

Question 14

What is codominance

Answer 14

Both alleles are expressed Foley to produce offspring with both alleles for example a black rooster and a white rooster makes a black and white rooster (FbFb and FwFw is FbFw)

Question 15

What are multiple alleles

Answer 15

When there are more than two alleles for the trait

Question 16

What are the four blood types and what three alleles make up which

Answer 16

A = IaIa, Iai
B= IbIb, Ibi
AB= IaIb
I= ii