Genetics

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

the study of heredity

Question 2

Inheritance

Answer 2

passing of hereditary traits form one generation to the next

Question 3

Mendelian Genetics

Answer 3

1. each character is controlled by one gene
2. each gene is on a different chromosome
3. each character is controlled by two forms of that gene - allele
4. one allele is dominate over the other allele (recessive)
5. alleles segregate
6. chromosomes assort independently

Question 4

What is the Locus on a allele

Answer 4

the specific location of a gene on a chromosome

Question 5

if 2 alleles differ….

Answer 5

then one is fully expressed (dominate allele is fully expressed over recessive)

Question 6

Homozygous

Answer 6

same
Dominate: AA
Recessive: aa

Question 7

Heterozygous

Answer 7

Different
Aa

Question 8

Genotype

Answer 8

the genetic makeup

Question 9

Phenotype

Answer 9

physical appearance

Question 10

Punnett square

Answer 10

method of showing 4 possible genetic combinations in offspring of 2 individuals

Question 11

Incomplete dominance

Answer 11

neither member of an allelic pair is dominant over the other — resulting phenotype Is intermediate (blended)

Question 12

Sickle cell inheritance

Answer 12

1 normal
2 embryos will be sickle cell trait
1 sick cell anemia
(outcomes from a punnet square)

Question 13

Codominance

Answer 13

• similar to incomplete dominance
• not a blend
• both traits are shown

Question 14

Multiple Alleles

Answer 14

genes represented by more than TWO alleles
(blood types and rabbit coat color)

Question 15

Sex - linked (x linked)

Answer 15

genes found only on the X chromosome

Question 16

Polygenic traits

Answer 16

a trait controlled by two or more separate genes

Question 17

Pedigrees

Answer 17

a chart used to show family relationships and to depict which relatives have specific phenotypes and sometimes genotypes