Cell Membrane and Transport Flashcards
Cell Theory
idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells
Cell Membrane
The protective barrier that encloses a cell
Cell Membrane contains…
proteins, lipids, and phospholipids (2 layers)
Cell Membrane Lipids include
Fats and Cholesterol do not dissolve in water
Phospholipids
A lipid that contains phosphorus
Lipids are…
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic
Water loving
what have a Cell Membrane and a Cell Wall?
Plants, Fungi, Bacteria
If the cell just has a Cell Membrane…
Then, it has a Skeletal Structure
If the cell has a Cell membrane AND Cell Wall…
Then they need a structure from the Cell Wall.
Plants cell wall is made out of…
Cellulose
Cellulose
a fiber humans can’t digest in diet
Bacteria and Fungi Cell walls…
are not made out of Cellulose
Bacteria and Fungi cell walls need
Water and Carbon Dioxide - They are Porous
Cell Membrane Function
Separates the components of a cell and its environment; regulates flow of materials into and out of cell; maintains homeostasis.
What will happen if the cell does not maintain Homeostasis?
the cell dies
passive transport
A process that does not require energy to move molecules from high to low concentration
diffusion
The movement of small particles across a selectively permeable membrane like the cell membrane until equilibrium is reached.
Where does Diffusion move from?
an area from high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Osmosis
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Where does Osmosis move from?
diffuses across a membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
Extracellular Space
outside/exterior of cell
Intracellular Space
Inside/Interior of cell
Facilitated Diffusion
movement of larger molecules like glucose through the cell membrane.
How does facilitated diffusion work?
Proteins in the membrane form channels for large molecules to pass through.
Hypertonic Solutions
Water diffuses out of the cell
Hypertonic Solutions have…
high concentrations of solute - outside than inside
Hypotonic Solutions
Water diffuses out of the cell. Causing the cell to shrivel and sink
Hypotonic Solutions have
high concentrations of solute - inside than outside
Isotonic Solutions
water diffuses in and out of cell at same, equal rate.
Isotonic Solutions have..
equal concentrations of solute
Active Transport
the movement of molecules from low to high concentration energy is required
Endocytosis & Exocytosis
the mechanism by which very large molecules (such as foods and wastes) get into and out of the cell. this requires energy so it’s active transport.
cyto-
cell
-sis
process
endo-
into
exo-
out
Endocytosis
into cell process
Exocytosis
output cell process
