Genetically modified organisms

Question 1

what is a GloFish’s use?

Answer 1

originally created in an attempt to show levels of pollution in rivers

Question 2

what is a Protato’s use?

Answer 2

contains 60% more protein per gram than a normal potato, it also has a higher yield

Question 3

what is golden rice’s use?

Answer 3

helps prevent blindness and death in those who can’t get sufficient vitamin A

Question 4

what is a spider goat’s use?

Answer 4

creates spider silk which is stronger than steel, light weight and very elastic, it’s used to manufacture many things

Question 5

what is an Aqua-Advantage Salmon’s use?

Answer 5

grows much quicker than normal salmon

Question 6

what is a venomous cabbage’s use?

Answer 6

reduces the use of chemical pesticides sprayed on crops as the venom is poisonous to caterpillars but not to humans

Question 7

what is the Flavr Savr Tomato’s use?

Answer 7

extends the shelf life of a tomato

Question 8

what is a Banana vaccine’s use?

Answer 8

when you eat the banana the body produces antibiotics against them

Question 9

where has the foreign gene come from and/or what does it do in a GloFish?

Answer 9

a gene inserted from a jellyfish or coral to make them fluorescent

Question 10

where has the foreign gene come from and/or what does it do in a Protato?

Answer 10

a gene was used from the grain Amaranth which codes for storage protein

Question 11

where has the foreign gene come from and/or what does it do in a Golden Rice?

Answer 11

contains a gene from carrots which causes the rice to contain the building blocks for vitamin A production

Question 12

where has the foreign gene come from and/or what does it do in a Spider Goat?

Answer 12

the gene transferred from a spider causes the goats to produce an extra protein which can be extracted and spun into silk thread

Question 13

where has the foreign gene come from and/or what does it do in a Aqua-Advantage Salmon?

Answer 13

a gene which controls the growth hormone from one breed of salmon is inserted into the DNA of another

Question 14

where has the foreign gene come from and/or what does it do in a Venomous cabbage?

Answer 14

cabbage which has been genetically engineered to include the gene for scorpion venom

Question 15

where has the foreign gene come from and/or what does it do in a Flavr Savr Tomato?

Answer 15

a gene inserted from a fungus to slow down the rotting process

Question 16

where has the foreign gene come from and/or what does it do in a Banana Vaccine?

Answer 16

bananas, carrots, potatoes and lettuce have all been genetically engineered to deliver vaccines for diseases

Question 17

give two examples of vectors

Answer 17

-plasmids
-viruses

Question 18

restriction enzyme

Answer 18

an enzyme that cuts DNA at a particular base sequence

Question 19

ligase enzyme

Answer 19

an enzyme that joins pieces of DNA with the same sticky ends together

Question 20

sticky end

Answer 20

a section of exposed unpaired bases on the ends of a strand of NDA

Question 21

plasmid

Answer 21

a circular piece of DNA from a bacterium

Question 22

vector

Answer 22

something (usually a bacterium or virus) that carries DNA into a cell

Question 23

what is the reason for using bacteria to produce genetically engineered hormones such as insulin?

Answer 23

bacteria grows very fast so can produce huge quantities of hormones quickly and cost effectively