Genetic variation Flashcards
Differences in the characteristics of individuals of the same kind may be due to differences in:
- genes they have inherited
- the conditions in which they developed
- combo of above
Homozygous
Both chromosomes in a pair contain the same allele of a gene
Heterozygous
Chromosomes in a pair contain different alleles of a gene
What is an allele?
A version of a particular gene i.e. with the eye gene it could be blue or brown etc
genes operate at a ……… level to develop ……… that can be ……… .
genes operate at a MOLECULAR level to develop CHARACTERISTICS that can be SEEN.
Did Mendel know about chromosomes?
No- his work preceded their discovery
What did Mendel discover?
The idea of ‘inherited factors’
What is a ‘phenotype’?
The physical expression, or characteristic, of the traits created at a molecular level
What is a ‘genotype’?
A set of genes in our DNA which is responsible for a particular trait
Define sexual reproduction.
The fusion of female and male gametes. The mixture of the genetic info from each parent causes variation in the offspring
Define asexual reproduction.
No fusion of gametes, only one individial is needed as the parent. No mixing of genetic info= no varitaion in offsprng. CLONES- genetically identical to parent
How many compounds does DNA contain and what, generically speaking, are they called?
Four bases
A sequence of how many bases is the code for an amino acid?
3
