Genetic Mutations

Question 1

mutagen

Answer 1

causes mutations

Question 2

Silent Mutation

Answer 2

(point mutation) one nucleotide is swapped for another (wobble)(not a big deal)(usually occurs in third base)

Question 3

Missense Mutation

Answer 3

(point mutation in 1st or second place)(new amino is synthesized, but pattern is not messed up)(can cause problems)(can affect protein folding)

Question 4

Nonsense Mutation

Answer 4

Codes for an inappropriate stop codon (severely alters protein function/ and or stops it)(nonsense-nothing there)

Question 5

Frameshift mutations

Answer 5

Biggest problem (cause everything to change)(messes up whole chain)(usually deletion or insertion of nucleotide instead of REPLACEMENT)

Question 6

Chromosomal Mutations…

Answer 6

Deletion, duplication, inversion (all have literal meaning) Occurs during mitosis
(can also occur between two chromosomes; insertion and translocation)

Question 7

Advantageous Mutations

Answer 7

Have benefit or advantage

Question 8

deleterious mutations

Answer 8

detrimental mutations

Question 9

loss-of-function mutations

Answer 9

can’t function normally

Question 10

gain of function mutations

Answer 10

can be good or bad