Genetic Engineering 1.6

Question 0

what kind of cells are genetic engineered?

Answer 0

bacterial cells

Question 1

How will DNA be extracted from two bacterial cells?

Answer 1

The outer membranes will fuse together and the DNA will be transferred through the pores In the membrane

Question 2

what are the advantages of insulin from genetically engineered bacteria compared with insulin from pigs?

Answer 2

it is pure human insulin
so it will function better than insulin from other animals (no allergic reactions)
large quantities can be produced quickly and cheaply

Question 3

how is genetic engineering carried out?

Answer 3

5 main stages
identify the section of dna that contains the required gene from the source chromosone
extracting the required gene ie cutting thr insulin gene out the human chromosone
inserting the required gene into a vector
inserting the plasmid back into the host cell
growing the transformed bacterium so that it produced the required substances

Question 4

what are the two things that happen to the plasmid once it has been inserted back into the bacterium

Answer 4

engineered cell is multiplied many times by growing in a fermenter
the engineered cells produce the protien codded for by the inserted gene