genetic editing

Question 1

Since the rough ER helps modify proteins that will be secreted from the cell, cells whose job is to secrete large amounts of enzymes or other proteins, such as liver cells, have lots of rough ER.

Answer 1

Since the rough ER helps modify proteins that will be secreted from the cell, cells whose job is to secrete large amounts of enzymes or other proteins, such as liver cells, have lots of rough ER.

Question 2

If the modified proteins are not destined to stay in the ER, they will be packaged into vesicles, or small spheres of membrane that are used for transport, and shipped to the Golgi apparatus.

Answer 2

If the modified proteins are not destined to stay in the ER, they will be packaged into vesicles, or small spheres of membrane that are used for transport, and shipped to the Golgi apparatus.

Question 3

Ribosomes may be free in cell or attach to roughendoplasmic reticulum (proteins for membrane or secretion)

Answer 3

Ribosomes may be free in cell or attach to roughendoplasmic reticulum (proteins for membrane or secretion)

Question 4

Golgi apparatus packages proteins in vesicles and directs then to correct location
2. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for sorting and directing some proteins to their ultimate destinations in cell

Answer 4

Golgi apparatus packages proteins in vesicles and directs then to correct location
2. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for sorting and directing some proteins to their ultimate destinations in cell

Question 5

Inside the ER, the proteins fold and undergo modifications, such as the addition of carbohydrate side chains.

Answer 5

Inside the ER, the proteins fold and undergo modifications, such as the addition of carbohydrate side chains.

Question 6

Cells that secrete many proteins—such as salivary gland cells that secrete digestive enzymes, or cells of the immune system that secrete antibodies—have many Golgi stacks.

Answer 6

Cells that secrete many proteins—such as salivary gland cells that secrete digestive enzymes, or cells of the immune system that secrete antibodies—have many Golgi stacks.

Question 7

GMO:

Transgenesis- genes from one species extracted and fused into genes of different species

Answer 7

GMO:

Transgenesis- genes from one species extracted and fused into genes of different species

Question 8

GMO traits:
•Bacterial genes confer resistance to 
•Resistance to herbicides 
 •Resistance to insects 
•Drought tolerance •Increase nutritional quality of plants

Answer 8

GMO traits:
•Bacterial genes confer resistance to 
•Resistance to herbicides 
 •Resistance to insects 
•Drought tolerance •Increase nutritional quality of plants

Question 9

Glyphosate-based herbicides all work on the same biochemical principle – they inhibit a specific enzyme that plants need in order to grow. The specific enzyme is called EPSP synthase. Without that enzyme, plants are unable to produce other proteins essential to growth, so they yellow and die over the course of several days or weeks.

Answer 9

Glyphosate-based herbicides all work on the same biochemical principle – they inhibit a specific enzyme that plants need in order to grow. The specific enzyme is called EPSP synthase. Without that enzyme, plants are unable to produce other proteins essential to growth, so they yellow and die over the course of several days or weeks.

Question 10

Pros: 
Bacteria genes confer resistance to 
	1. resistance to herbicides 
	2. Resistance to insects 
	3. Drought tolerance 
- Increase nutritional quality of plants 
Cons:
harm local farmers 
public fear 
spread to native plants

Answer 10

Pros: 
Bacteria genes confer resistance to 
	1. resistance to herbicides 
	2. Resistance to insects 
	3. Drought tolerance 
- Increase nutritional quality of plants 
Cons:
harm local farmers 
public fear 
spread to native plants

Question 11

Transgenesis is when genes from one species are extracted and fused into genes of different species. This can be accomplished by blasting DNA into cells, utilizing a parasitic bacteria, or by cutting specific DNA sequences using Crisper Cas9, which the cell then repairs with modified DNA
Parasitic bacteria- incorporate desired gene into bacteria plasmid, plasmid incorporated into plant cell

Answer 11

Transgenesis is when genes from one species are extracted and fused into genes of different species. This can be accomplished by blasting DNA into cells, utilizing a parasitic bacteria, or by cutting specific DNA sequences using Crisper Cas9, which the cell then repairs with modified DNA