11.17

Question 1

tuberculosis肺结核

Answer 1

tuberculosis肺结核

Question 2

gene:
unit of heredity
segment of DNA on a chromosome
genes code for proteins
sequence of nucleotides determines protein made (1 gene=1 protein)

Answer 2

gene:
unit of heredity
segment of DNA on a chromosome
genes code for proteins
sequence of nucleotides determines protein made (1 gene=1 protein)

Question 3

prokaryotes:

may only express genes under certain environmental conditions (saves energy)

Answer 3

prokaryotes:

may only express genes under certain environmental conditions (saves energy)

Question 4

eukaryotes:

environmental conditions

Answer 4

eukaryotes:

environmental conditions

Question 5

protein are 50% of cell mass

Answer 5

protein are 50% of cell mass

Question 6

proteins are made up subunits of amino acids
20 amino acids (with different side chains)
polypetide

Answer 6

proteins are made up subunits of amino acids
20 amino acids (with different side chains)
polypetide

Question 7

sequence of amino acids determine structure

structure determines function

Answer 7

sequence of amino acids determine structure

structure determines function

Question 8

structure of proteins:

primary:sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide

Answer 8

structure of proteins:

primary:sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide

Question 9

secondary structure: coils and folds in a polypeptide that result from hydrogen bonds between backbone molecules
coil=alpha helix
fold=beta sheet

Answer 9

secondary structure: coils and folds in a polypeptide that result from hydrogen bonds between backbone molecules
coil=alpha helix
fold=beta sheet

Question 10

tertiary structure: overall shape of a polypeptide that results from interactions between side chains

Answer 10

tertiary structure: overall shape of a polypeptide that results from interactions between side chains

Question 11

quaternary structure: overall protein structure that results from multiple polypeptide chains

Answer 11

quaternary structure: overall protein structure that results from multiple polypeptide chains

Question 12

under the wrong environmental conditions proteins can become denatured (lose their normal structure)
denatured proteins are biologically inactive

Answer 12

under the wrong environmental conditions proteins can become denatured (lose their normal structure)
denatured proteins are biologically inactive