GENERAL TYPES OF EXERCISE

Question 1

dynamic constant external resistance (DCER)

Answer 1

-also called isotonic
-tonicity (amount of force) stays the same

Question 2

DCER (isotonic) exercise

Answer 2

-think everything we use in the gym
-most common method of resistance training for enhancing muscular fitness
-weight lifted does not change during the concentric + eccentric phase of an exercise; weight lifted doesn’t change throughout ROM
-the heaviest weight that can be lifted throughout a full ROM is limited by the strength of the muscle at the weakest joint angle

Question 3

in DCER, the heaviest weight that can be lifted throughout a full ROM is limited by what

Answer 3

the strength of the muscle at the weakest joint angle

Question 4

what is the problem with DCER + how can it be resolved

Answer 4

-DCER provides enough resistance in some parts of the movement range but not enough resistance in others
-variable resistance machines can be used to overcome this- they provide specific movement path that makes the exercise easier to perform
-can also do this using accomodating resistance in free weights

Question 5

what is DCER used for

Answer 5

to enhance motor performance skills + sports performance

Question 6

dynamic variable resistance

Answer 6

we have variable resistance throughout the exercise

Question 7

accomodating resistance

Answer 7

specific version of dynamic variable resistance

Question 8

isometric

Answer 8

metric (distance of the muscle) stays the same; joint angle + muscle length don’t change during contraction
-done in static positions, rather than being dynamic through a ROM
-ex: plank

Question 9

describe hypertrophy with isometric exercises

Answer 9

difficult to see hypertrophy
-however, they do prevent atrophy (muscle loss)

Question 10

is isometric good for athletes

Answer 10

-not very beneficial for athletes because they only build strength for the joint angle being contracted
-can be used to improve strength of an athlete in a particular sticking point

Question 11

describe motor unit recruitment with isometrics

Answer 11

body is able to recruit all motor units of a given muscle

Question 12

2 benefits of isometrics

Answer 12

-core muscles (anti-movements)
-good for a muscle we don’t want to use a lot (injury)

Question 13

isometric

overcoming vs yielding (active or passive)

Answer 13

overcoming = passive
yielding = active

Question 14

overcoming/passive

Answer 14

the joint + muscle work against an immovable object
-pushing against an object

Question 15

isometric

overcoming example

Answer 15

pushing a bar into the rack

Question 16

isometric

passive example

Answer 16

holding a position like a plank

Question 17

isometric

yielding/active

Answer 17

the joint + muscle are held in a static position while opposed by resistance
-holding a muscle in a static position

Question 18

isometric

yielding example

Answer 18

holding a bar in place

Question 19

isometric

active example

Answer 19

holding a weight up

Question 20

isokinetics

Answer 20

kinetics (movement/velocity) stays the same
-dynamic muscular actions that are performed at a constant angular limb velocity
-mainly used for rehab, Biodex machine