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UCSP > General Reviwer > Flashcards

General Reviwer Flashcards

1
Q

capacity to influence the
actions, behaviors, and decisions of
another individual

A

Power

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2
Q

actual use of power by
threatening coercion or
consequences to impose an action or
decision over another

A

Force

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3
Q

persuasion and
relationship; one can modify another
person’s behavior and decision
making without force

A

Influence

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4
Q

power generated from
legitimate means such as an election

A

Authority

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5
Q

absolute power passed on from generation to generation

A

Traditional Authority

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6
Q

comes from the constitution of a
country

A

Rational-legal Authority

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7
Q

derived from the personality of a
leader exuding charisma

A

Charismatic Authority

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8
Q

compelling
attraction or charm of a person

A

Charisma

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9
Q

State has four main manifest function :
1. Maintain Peace and Order
2. Plan and Direct Society
3. Meet Social Needs
4. Manage International
Relations

A

Functionalist Perspective

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10
Q

State is an
all-controlling government

A

Conflict Perspective

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11
Q

[WHO] coined
“Power Elite” in 1956 – those who control power in society.

A

C. Wright Mills

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12
Q

State is a micro-level analysis of symbols
that maintain the status quo or how
power is arranged in the government

A

Interactionist Perspective

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13
Q

[WHO] Human society into four categories:
- BAND
- TRIBES
- CHIEFDOM
- STATE

A

Elman Service (1962)

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14
Q

Has the lowest complexity.
- Rarely exceeding 100 in
population.
- No Leader
- Egalitarian
- Closest Relationship

A

Band

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15
Q

Composed of segmentary linages/clusters of family.
- About 100 – 5,000 people
- Lineage
- Compete for Leadership
- Calling on the Supernatural or
giving Trial by Ordeal

A

Tribes

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16
Q

Ranked society.
- Leader Dies = Successor is called upon

A

Chiefdom

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17
Q

Largest and most formal.
- Political organization run by a government.
- State selects its leaders by various means via election, succession of monarchies, or
appointment

A

State

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18
Q

source of
power; crafter after the Marcos
Dictatorship.

A

1987 Constitution

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19
Q

political
process; House of
Representatives decide to initiate
the removal of aforesaid
officials.

A

Impeachment

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20
Q

Crafts Laws;
power to remove by
impeachment
— Senate (Upper
House)
— House of
Representatives
(Lower House)

A

Legislative Branch

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21
Q

Executes the Law
— President
— Vice President
— Cabinet
Secretaries

A

Executive Branch

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22
Q

Dispenses Justice
— Members of the
Supreme Court
— Chief Justice
— Shariah Court –
for Muslim
Customary.

A

Judiciary Branch

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23
Q

mandate to
conduct elections.

A

Commission on Elections
(COMELEC)

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24
Q

mandate to
investigate any human rights violation.

A

Commission on human
Rights (CHR)

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25
Q

social actor that has a
particular obligation
to respect and
promote human
rights

A

Duty Bearers

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26
Q

mandate to oversee
the professionalism and
integrity of government
actions; central agency of all government employees.

A

Civil Service Commission
(CSC)

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27
Q

mandate to audit or
examine all government
accounts and expenditure.

A

Commission on Audit
(COA)

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28
Q

power to ensure all laws are followed throughout the country

A

National Government

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29
Q

tasked to ensure the implementation
of the laws.

A

Local Government

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30
Q

governor,
vice governor,
sangguniang
panlalawigan.

A

Province

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31
Q

mayor, vice mayor,
sangguniang
panlungsod o
pambayan

A

City/Municipality

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32
Q

barangay
captain and kagawad

A

Barangay

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33
Q

Only regional government; Established through the Bangsamoro Organic Law in 2019

A

Bangsamoro Autonomous Region
in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM)

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34
Q

help in developing
better societies but are not under any
state of government

A

Non-state

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35
Q

provide loans to customers
but with an interest rate.

A

Banks

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36
Q

largest type of bank

A

Commercial/Universal Banks

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37
Q

aim to increase
the savings of depositors

A

Savings Bank

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38
Q

smallest type of
bank; usually on provinces or
rural areas.

A

Rural Banks

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39
Q
  • large type of
    business.
  • Authorized to act as a single entity
A

Corporations

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40
Q

organizations that have mutual goals
among their members

A

Cooperatives and Trade Unions

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41
Q

created across
all levels and types of
employment

A

General Unions

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42
Q

unions of workers in a particular
field.

A

Industrial/Craft Unions

43
Q

Professional workers

A

White Collar Unions

44
Q
  • activity that aims to
    influence a political, economic, or social institution towards a specific goal.
  • Supporting a cause or activity that can influence decision-makers.
A

Advocacy

45
Q

accountability
politics.

A

Transnational Advocacy Groups

46
Q

international organizations; create
opportunities for development in
various field in the society

A

Development Agencies

47
Q

first
worldwide intergovernment
organization.

A

League of Nations (1920)

48
Q

primary example of an
international organization

A

United Nations (1945)

49
Q

cultural universals;
children to teenagers learn new
knowledge and skills everyday

A

Education

50
Q

refers to the
set of lessons that are learned but not
openly intended.

A

Hidden Curriculum

51
Q

learning that
takes place inside a classroom.

A

Formal Education

52
Q

considered as an alternative or
complementary to formal education;
assessed by their skills

A

NonFormal Education (NFE)

53
Q

[WHO] “Education is a Primary Right for All Children”.

A

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO)

54
Q

to transmit knowledge and skills to
students.

A

Functionalist perspective

55
Q

transmit the dominant culture of society by exposing students to beliefs, norms,
and values.

A

Transmitting Culture

56
Q

promotes social
stability.

A

Promoting Social Integration

57
Q

technique and strategy to
prevent deviant behavior

A

Maintaining Social Control

58
Q

cater to desires for
change in society

A

Serving as an Agent of Change

59
Q

dominance
of the elite that stifles individualism

A

Conflict Perspective

60
Q

promoting social inequality
by adhering to placement
through various assessments

A

Social Inequality

61
Q

set of
values and beliefs that
support the status quo,
including the existing social stratification.

A

Hidden Curriculum

62
Q

central to
social stratification; seen as essential workers in society

A

Credentialism

63
Q

microlevel analysis of the
relationship between education and
individuals

A

Interactionist Perspective

64
Q

labeling of
student to their peers within
the school

A

Labeling

65
Q

unwanted and
aggressive behavior toward another, usually caused by
inferiority complex of the
bully

A

Bullying

66
Q

States that the perception
of teachers towards
student affects how the
teacher performs.

A

Teacher Expectancy

67
Q

[WHO] passed a law changing the
educational system in the
Philippines

A

Benigno “Noynoy” Aquino (2013)

68
Q

arrangement and/or
classification according to a certain
criterion.

A

Stratification

69
Q

economic
system of separating work into
various components

A

Division of Labor

70
Q

division,
ranking, and/or classification method
of a society based on various factors
ssuch as wealth, power, and prestige
(social desirables)

A

Social Stratification

71
Q

[FUNCTIONALIST PERSPECTIVE] stratifying the members of the
society is a functional necessity, thus it benefits the society by Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore (1945)

A

Davis-Moore Hypothesis

72
Q

motivates an
individual to train and perform
complex roles in a society

A

Stratification

73
Q

[CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE] social stratification should not exist, as only few benefit while
others suffer

A

Karl Marx - Conflict Theory

74
Q

Involves how people from various classes interact with one
another

A

Interactionist Perspective

75
Q

shift in social
status or rank by virtue of marriage
or other meritorious work

A

Social Mobility

76
Q

3,000 years;
based on Hindu Belief and Culture.
A Closed System

A

Indian Caste System

77
Q

HINDU OF WORK AND DUTY

A

Kharma (Work) and Dharma (Duty)

78
Q

FOUR CLASSES OF INDIAN CASTE SYSTEM

A

Brahmins (Priests)
Kshatriya (Warriors and Nobles)
Vaishya (Merchants and Landowners
Shudra (Commoners and Peasants)
Dalits (Untouchables) - outcast and impure

79
Q

created in france
based on land ownership

A

Estate System

80
Q

Who are awarded lands in the estate system?

A

Nobles (Lords)

81
Q

(Lords and
Landowners)

A

Nobility

82
Q

(Priests and
Members of the Church)

A

Clergy

83
Q

(Peasants,
Traders, and Artisans).

A

Commoners

84
Q

open system of
stratification.

A

Class System

85
Q

land
and business owners

A

Bourgeoisie (upper class
outside of the nobility)

86
Q

prisoners or
worker paying debts who are abused and maltreated.

A

Debt Bondage

87
Q

refers to
institutional slavery that
continues to occur in present-day
society

A

Modern Slavery

88
Q

condition of
unequal access to the benefits of
belonging to any society; one of the
pressing problems in the world

A

Social Inequality

89
Q

refers to the unequal
distribution of wealth and resources within the society

A

Inequality of Conditions

90
Q

refers to the unequal access of people on education,
healthcare, and job
opportunities

A

Inequality of Opportunities

91
Q

condition wherein a
person or community lacks the financial capability to afford the
minimum standard of living

A

Poverty

92
Q

sever deprivation of
basic human needs

A

Absolute Poverty – “Extreme
Poverty”

93
Q

socially defined
poverty based on social context
of the community or individual

A

Relative Poverty – “Subjective
Poverty”

94
Q

concentration
of resources in some nations while
others have less

A

Global Inequality

95
Q

Gross National income (GNI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

A

United Nations Development
Program (UNDP)

96
Q

emphasize the capacity
of population.

A

Human Development Index (HDI)

97
Q

Result of
Racism; grounded in racist/racial
discrimination.

A

Racial Inequality

98
Q

Prejudice against
people based on their race.

A

Racism

99
Q

group of people
distinguished from others based
on common physical
characteristics.

A

Race

100
Q

social
construct where people may socially benefit based from their
race.

A

Social Privilege

101
Q

form of
inequality based on one’s sex or
gender

A

Gender Inequality

102
Q

unequal experience, rights, freedoms, and treatment of an
individual.

A

Gender Discrimination/Sexism

103
Q

denial of an
activity to an individual
because of gender

A

Direct Discrimination

104
Q

policies are
unequal or only favor one group of people based on
gender.

A

Indirect Discrimination

UCSP (7 decks)

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