General Patient Care 1 and 2 Part 2 Flashcards
Define the follwoing positions:
1. supine
2. prone
3. dorsal recumbent position
4. Lithotomy position:
5. Fowler’s position:
6. left lateral:
- on your back
2.on your stomach - lying flat on back with knees bent on examination table. (abdominal exams, urinary catheterization, or administering injections)
- lying flat on back with knees bent and feet attached to sides of table. mainly used for pelvic surgeries, childbirth, or procedures requiring access to the genital area.
- sitting on a table with head of table raised to a 90 degree angle.
- patients lie on their left side, right arm is next to head flexed for support
What do the follwing equipments measure?
1. thermometer:
2. reflex hammer:
3. otoscope:
4. ophthalmoscope:
- measures body temp
- used to test reflexes
- used to examine ears
- used to examine inside of the eye, especially the retina
what is the medical specialty known as gynecology and what is obsertics:
relating to the treatment of women’s diseases, especially those of the reproductive system
obstetrics are relating to childbirth.
What are the two main types of medication forms of adminsterination?
parental- non oral and is usually injected directly into the body
non-parental- oral and given by mouth
What are some parental routes?
- subcutaneous: administered in the fat layer of the skin (for slow and steady absorption)
- inter dermal: administered into the dermis of the skin (used for sensitivity tests, such as allergies)
- IM: administered into the muscle tissue of the skin
- Intravenous: directly into the veins (sometimes used of emergency situations)
what are some other routes of administration:
- oral
- sublingual- under the tongue
- buccal- between cheek and gums for rapid absorption
- otic- drops of med directly into the eyes
- rectal- inserted into rectum
- Transdermal- applied on the skin
What is the medication dosage formula and what are the compunet of the formula?
x= D/H times Q
D= desired dose
H= supply at hand
Q= unit of measurement
What should you do to units for weight based dosage calculations?
you would usually nee to convert from lbs to kgs depending on the medication order and then follow the formula above.
What are premeasured syringes?
prefilled syringes
single dosed
disposable and supplied with substance to be injected
commonly used for immunizations and emergency administration
What are the three types of syringes and what are they use for?
- Hypodermic syringes:
come in sizes ranging from 0.5 ml- 60 ml and above
blood administration & transfusions, as well as vaccinations and fast delivery of other fluids - Tuberculin syringe:
have a capacity of 0.5 ml or 1 ml
used to measure meds given in very small volumes
it is recommended that a dosage less than 0.5 ml be measured with a TS for more accuarcy
3.insuin syringe:
used for insulin only
measured in units
caliberated to match dosage strenghth of isulin used
What are ml and cc a measure of?
ml is a measure of volume and cc is represent the space that a millimeter occupies
used interchangeably bit are not the same.
ML is the correct one but both are acceptable for use
What is a ml syringe used for?
medication administration
what is a U-100 for insulin syringe?
insulin syringes come in multiple sizes to help delver different doses of insulin. Most come in 50 units (0.5 ml), 30 units (0.3ml) or 100 units (1 ml)
measures refer to barrel size and how much insulin the syringe can hold
What is CPOE?
computerized provider order entry, it is a process in which P enter and send treatment instructions, including meds, laboratory requests, etc electronically thru a computer application
What are some benefits to using CPOE?
reduces error, improves accuracy
speeds up care delivery
provides instant clinical support
makes info easily accessible.
What is the process of incision and drainage?
cutting/ pentrating flid or pressure buildup under skin to allow it to drain and reliev pressure
What are the folllowing wound closure methods?
1. sutures
2. staples
3. sterile tapes
4. skin adhesives
- threads used to sew tissue together after an injury or surgery. there are absorbable and non absorbable types and the size varies based on the wound
- made of stainless steel, applied with a surgical stapler for wounds under high tension, needs removal
- tapes used when less tension is expected like small curs
- used for minor wounds where sutures and staples are unnecessary.
What is an EMS?
emergency medical services, a system that provides pre-hospital treatment and care
Define the following emergency conditions:
1. hypoglycemia:
2. hypovolemic shock:
3. syncope:
- low blood glucose levels
- happens when a patient loses an excessive amount of body fluids or blood
- faint or a temporary loss of consciousness.
Define the following muscle issues and their treatment
1. sprains
2. strains
3. treatment
- caused by stretching or tearing ligaments
- result from stretching or tearing muscles or muscle tendons
- rest, elevation, ice, compression, etc
What are the following:
dislocations:
fractures:
- when a bone slips out of its socket
- can be closed (simple) or open (compound), and have a higher risk of infection
Describe the following wounds or wound classifications
1. abrasion:
2. incision:
3. laceration:
4. puncture:
5. treatment:
- outer layer of the skin is rubbed away due to scraping
- smooth cut from surgical tool or sharp object
- edges torn in an irregular shape
- made by a sharp object like a needle
- managing bleeding, cleaning wound, and bandaging.
What is myocardial infraction:
when the flow of blood that brings oxygen to the heart muscles suddenly becomes blocked
