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General > General - Laatste dingen 5 > Flashcards

General - Laatste dingen 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Nystagmus changing direction
a. peripheral
b. central

A

b. central

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2
Q

Positional nystagmus
a. peripheral
b. central

A

b. central

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3
Q

PLR
a. II, III
b. II, III, IV
c. III, IV, VI
d. II, III, IV, VI

A

b. II, III, IV

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4
Q

Eye position
a. II, III
b. II, III, IV
c. III, IV, VI
d. II, III, IV, VI

A

c. III, IV, VI

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5
Q

Taste
a. VII, IX, X
b. IX, X, XI
c. IX, X, XII
d. IX, X, XI

A

a. VII, IX, X

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6
Q

Dichomatous variables
a. continu
b. disease/no disease

A

b. disease/no disease

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7
Q

Higher prevalence improves
a. PPV
b. NPV

A

a. PPV

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8
Q

Lower prevalence improves
a. PPV
b. NPV

A

b. NPV

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9
Q

Series
a. increases sensitivity
b. increases specificity

A

b. increases specificity

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10
Q

Parallel
a. increases sensitivity
b. increases specificity

A

a. increases sensitivity

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11
Q

Type 1 error
a. null hypothesis incorrectly rejected
b. null hypothesis incorrectly accepted

A

a. null hypothesis incorrectly rejected

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12
Q

Type 2 error
a. null hypothesis incorrectly rejected
b. null hypothesis incorrectly accepted

A

b. null hypothesis incorrectly accepted

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13
Q

Systemic error
a. independent of sample size
b. dependent of sample size

A

a. independent of sample size

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14
Q

Random error
a. independent of sample size
b. dependent of sample size

A

b. dependent of sample size

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15
Q

Selection bias
a. no proper randomization
b. measured/collected/interpreted inaccuratly
c. another exposure that influences outcome

A

a. no proper randomization

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16
Q

Information bias
a. no proper randomization
b. measured/collected/interpreted inaccuratly
c. another exposure that influences outcome

A

b. measured/collected/interpreted inaccuratly

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17
Q

Confounding bias
a. no proper randomization
b. measured/collected/interpreted inaccuratly
c. another exposure that influences outcome

A

c. another exposure that influences outcome

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18
Q

Hierarchy
a. cohort, cross sectional, case control
b. cross sectional, case control, cohort
c. cohort, case crontol, cross sectional
d. case control, cohort, cross sectional

A

c. cohort, case control, cross sectional

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19
Q

Cross sectional
a. exposure + outcome assessed at the same time
b. selected on outcome status
c. selected on exposure status

A

a. exposure + outcome assessed at the same time

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20
Q

Case control studies
a. exposure + outcome assessed at the same time
b. selected on outcome status
c. selected on exposure status

A

b. selected on outcome status

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21
Q

Cohort studies
a. exposure + outcome assessed at the same time
b. selected on outcome status
c. selected on exposure status

A

c. selected on exposure status

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22
Q

Efficient for rare outcomes
a. cross sectional
b. case control studies
c. cohort studies

A

b. case control studies

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23
Q

Efficient for rare exposures
a. cross sectional
b. case control studies
c. cohort studies

A

c. cohort studies

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24
Q

Risk
a. measure of frequency of occurence of outcome taking into account length of time of observation
b. probabillity of occurence of diease during specified time period

A

b. probabillity of occurence of diease during specified time period

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25
Q

Rate
a. measure of frequency of occurence of outcome taking into account length of time of observation
b. probabillity of occurence of diease during specified time period

A

a. measure of frequency of occurence of outcome taking into account length of time of observation

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26
Q

Rare disease in stable population
a. risk higher than rate
b. rate higher than risk
c. rate = risk

A

c. rate = risk

27
Q

Exposed
a. rate/risk/odds
b. rate
c. risk
d. odds

A

a. rate/risk/odds

28
Q

Unexposed
a. rate/risk/odds
b. rate
c. risk
d. odds

29
Q

Simple linear regression
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome

30
Q

Multiple linear regression
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome

31
Q

Logistic regression
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

c. predictor with binary outcome

32
Q

Independent t-test
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

e. groups from different populations

32
Q

Paired t-test
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

d. groups from same population

33
Q

ANOVA
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome

33
Q

MANOVA
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes

34
Q

Pearson’s r (correlation)
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

h. 2 con. variables related

35
Q

Spearman
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

i. instead of Pearson

36
Q

Sign test
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

j. instead of one-sample t-test

37
Q

Chi square
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

38
Q

Kurshal Wallis
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

k. instead of ANOVA

39
Q

ANOSIM
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

l. instead of MANOVA

40
Q

Wilcoxon Rank-sum
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

m. instead of independent t-test

41
Q

Wilcoxin signed rank
a. 1 predictor, 1 outcome
b. 2 predictors, 1 outcome
c. predictor with binary outcome
d. groups from same population
e. groups from different populations
f. groups, 1 or more predictors, 1 outcome
g. groups, 1 or more predictors, 2 outcomes
h. 2 con. variables related
i. instead of Pearson
j. instead of one-sample t-test
k. instead of ANOVA
l. instead of MANOVA
m. instead of independent t-test
n. instead of paired t-test
o. instead of Pearson (drug effect on … –> yes or no)

A

n. instead of paired t-test

42
Q

BE positive
a. metabolic alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis

A

a. metabolic alkalosis

43
Q

BE negative
a. metabolic alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis

A

b. metabolic acidosis

44
Q

PCO2 > 45 mm Hg
a. respiratory alkalosis
b. respiratory acidosis

A

b. respiratory acidosis

45
Q

PCO2 < 35 mm Hg
a. respiratory alkalosis
b. respiratory acidosis

A

a. respiratory alkalosis

46
Q

Na higher
a. alkalosis
b. acidosis

A

a. alkalosis

47
Q

Na lower
a. alkalosis
b. acidosis

A

b. acidosis

48
Q

Cl higher
a. alkalosis
b. acidosis

A

b. acidosis

49
Q

Cl lower
a. alkalosis
b. acidosis

A

a. alkalosis

50
Q

SID
a. Na + K + Ca + Mg = Cl - lactate - HCO3 - other buffers (albumin)
b. Na + K + Ca + Mg = Cl + lactate + HCO3 + other buffers (albumin)
c. Na + K + Ca + Mg + Cl + lactate = HCO3 + other buffers (albumin)
d. Na + K + Ca + Mg - Cl - lactate = HCO3 + other buffers (albumin)

A

d. Na + K + Ca + Mg - Cl - lactate = HCO3 + other buffers (albumin)

51
Q

SID > 24mEq/L
a. alkalynizing
b. acidifying

A

a. alkalynizing

52
Q

SID < 24mEq/L
a. alkalynizing
b. acidifying

A

b. acidifying

53
Q

Somatostatin (D-cells pancrease)
a. increase glucagon/insulin
b. decrease glucagon/insulin
c. increase glucagon, decrease insulin
d. decrease insulin, increase glucagon

A

b. decrease glucagon/insulin

54
Q

Calciumcarbonate (CaCO3) crystals
a. large round
b. small round
c. small squares

A

a. large round

55
Q

Calcium phosphate crystals
a. large round
b. small round
c. small squares

A

b. small round

56
Q

Calcium oxalate
a. large round
b. small round
c. small squares

A

c. small squares

57
Q

Renal medulla vs. cortex
a. hypoechoic
b. hyperechoic

A

a. hypoechoic

58
Q

Hypoechoic
a. darker
b. whiter

59
Q

Hyperechoic
a. darker
b. whiter

60
Q

Gastrin
a. stimulates gastric acid production
b. decreased gastric acid production

A

a. stimulates gastric acid production

61
Q

Uroliths type 1 (90%, yellow-green, easily fragment)
a. calciumcarbonate (CaCO3)
b. calciumcarbonate (CaCO3) + calciumphosphate

A

a. calciumcarbonate (CaCO3)

62
Q

Uroliths type 2 (gray-white, smooth, more resistant)
a. calciumcarbonate (CaCO3)
b. calciumcarbonate (CaCO3) + calciumphosphate

A

b. calciumcarbonate (CaCO3) + calciumphosphate

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