General Exam 1

Question 1

What indicates a fever?

Answer 1

100.4, chills indicate a rising temperature, hot and sweaty are FALLING temperature
always ask what time of day

Question 2

What manipulates temperature?

Answer 2

time of day, recent exposures, smoking, technique, medications

Question 3

What is the gold standard core temp?

Answer 3

pulmonary artery temperature

Question 4

What do you do for temp?

Answer 4

rectal –> oral –> axillary is last

Question 5

What BMI numbers are important to recognize?

Answer 5

> 25 is overweight, >30 is obese

Question 6

What is weight loss that should be concerning?

Answer 6

5% or more over 6 months

Question 7

What should you notice upon entering the room?

Answer 7

appearance of health, level of consciousness, signs of distress, skin color and obvious lesions, dressing, grooming, hygiene, facial expression, odors, posture, height and weight

Question 8

What else should you measure when looking at risk of HTN, DM, and CAD?

Answer 8

waist circumference, >35 in women, >40 in men

Question 9

What are blood pressure syndromes to be aware of?

Answer 9

white coat syndrome, masked HTN

Question 10

What should you remember about the cuff regarding getting an accurate blood pressure?

Answer 10

too narrow = false elevated pressure
too wide = false low on small, false high on large
length should be 80%
width should be 40%

Question 11

What should you double check before taking the blood pressure?

Answer 11

no smoking, caffeine, exercise 30 min prior
feet flat
arm free of clothing
2.5 cm of antecubital crease

Question 12

What is stage 1 versus stage 2 HTN?

Answer 12

Stage 1 130s, stage 2 140s

Question 13

What is orthostatic hypotension?

Answer 13

drop in systolic of 20 or diastolic of 10

Question 14

What is the normal heart rate and respiratory rate?

Answer 14

60-100 bpm, and 12-20 rr

Question 15

What type of pain presents as dull, pressing, pulling, throbbing, boring, spasmodic, colicky?

Answer 15

nociceptive/somatic

Question 16

What type of pain presents as burning, stabbing, shock-like, pins and needles

Answer 16

neuropathic

Question 17

What is the helpful mnemoic to remember eye movements and cranial nerves?

Answer 17

LR6 SO4 AO3
lateral rectus 6
superior oblique 4
all others 3

Question 18

What does the inferior oblique do in the eye?

Answer 18

out and up

Question 18

What’s the difference between lid lag and ptosis?

Answer 18

ptosis is when the eyelid sags and covers the sclera

Question 18

What does the superior oblique do in the eye?

Answer 18

In and down

Question 19

What is an eye characteristic of Wilson disease?

Answer 19

copper ring around the eye from copper deposition “kayer-fleischer ring”

Question 20

What is a corneal arcus?

Answer 20

white ring around eye

Question 21

When there is an injury to the trochlear nerve and your patient says it helps to tilt their head to the right and worsens when tilting to the left, where is the lesion, where is the eye issue?

Answer 21

the eye issue is always the opposite of where they are tilting. So, the issue is in the left side. Where the lesion is is always where they are tilting. So
lesion = on the right
affected eye = left

Question 22

How does the trochlear nerve work?

Answer 22

It is contralateral

Question 23

How do you test the first cranial nerve?

Answer 23

Smell, see if they can smell and occlude each nostril

Question 24

How do you test the second cranial nerve?

Answer 24

Visual acuity and visual fields test the optic nerve

Question 25

How do you test the third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves?

Answer 25

EOMs

Question 26

How do you test the fifth cranial nerve?

Answer 26

feeling of three sections of face with q tip, and feeling clenching of jaw in temple and jaw

Question 27

How do you test the seventh cranial nerve?

Answer 27

Facial nerve – smile, frown, raise eyebrows, try to open eyes

Question 28

How do you test the eighth cranial nerve?

Answer 28

Whisper test

Question 29

How do you test the ninth and tenth cranial nerve?

Answer 29

During mouth examination, say “ah”, and gag reflex

Question 30

How do you test the eleventh cranial nerve?

Answer 30

Shrug shoulders and nod, shake head against your hand

Question 31

How do you test the twelveth cranial nerve?

Answer 31

Stick tongue out and move side to side

Question 32

How do you check CN VIII in a comatose patient?

Answer 32

vestibuo-ocular reflex
towards cold water in the ear
away from hot water in the ear